trade

A 2025 USDA report recorded two purchases of U.S. soybeans by Chinese buyers totaling 332,000 metric tons.

In 2025, China's tariff on U.S. soybeans was approximately 24% after a 10-percentage-point reduction.

An antidumping duty is a U.S. federal tariff applied to imported products that are sold in the United States at prices below their market value.

Antidumping duties are applied in addition to any existing import tariffs, so the total duty on an imported product equals the existing tariff rate plus any applicable antidumping duty rate.

High import duties can cause foreign exporters to stop exporting to a market or to raise their export prices, which can reduce product availability when domestic production cannot fully replace imports.

U.S. Customs and Border Protection has authority to detain imported goods suspected to be produced with forced labor as part of enforcing U.S. import restrictions.

The United States' average tariff rate on imports from China is roughly 45%, while China's average tariff rate on imports from the United States is roughly 32%.

China is a major supplier of rare earth elements and can use restrictions on rare earth shipments as leverage in trade and technology disputes.

Countries may attach conditions to foreign investment commitments that require the investment benefits to accrue to the investing country's domestic companies.

China's exports grew 8.3% year-over-year in September 2025.

China's gross domestic product grew by 5.2% and China's overall trade in goods increased by 4% during the first three quarters of 2025.

China typically purchases roughly one-quarter of the annual U.S. soybean crop.

In 2024, China purchased more than $12.5 billion of U.S. soybean exports out of nearly $24.5 billion in total U.S. soybean export value.

The Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act is a 2021 U.S. law that prohibits importing goods into the United States if they were made with forced labor.

A 2020 U.S.-China trade agreement included commitments by China to purchase U.S. agricultural products.

Governments sometimes use tariffs as leverage to encourage foreign investment or to obtain concessions from trading partners.

China is a dominant global producer and supplier of rare earth elements.

Tariffs, sanctions, and export controls are commonly used by governments as retaliatory measures in trade disputes.

About 90% of global rare earth processing occurs in China.

Defense, cybersecurity, energy, and food technology have been areas of Israeli–Kazakh cooperation, with bilateral agreements on those subjects dating back to the mid-1990s.