The 10-year Memorandum of Understanding between the United States and Israel signed in 2016 was set to expire in 2028.
January 01, 2028
high
temporal
Duration and expiry year of the 2016 U.S.-Israel security assistance Memorandum of Understanding.
As of 2025, Israel and the United States have been pressing Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah.
November 23, 2025
high
temporal
Describes an ongoing diplomatic/military pressure campaign by Israel and the U.S. toward Lebanon regarding Hezbollah's armament.
The Lebanese government has denied Israeli assertions that Hezbollah is attempting to rebuild its military capabilities in southern Lebanon.
November 23, 2025
high
temporal
Summarizes opposing official claims about Hezbollah's military activities in southern Lebanon.
Israel and the United States have been pressuring Lebanon to disarm Hezbollah.
November 23, 2025
high
temporal
Ongoing diplomatic and security pressure related to Hezbollah's armament.
Israel alleges that Hezbollah is attempting to rebuild military capabilities in southern Lebanon, and the Lebanese government denies those allegations.
November 23, 2025
high
temporal
Conflicting claims about Hezbollah's military activity in southern Lebanon.
Ceasefires in the IsraelāGaza conflict have been punctuated by retaliatory strikes following reported attacks against Israeli forces.
November 22, 2025
medium
process
Summarizes a recurring pattern in which reported incursions or attacks during ceasefires have led to military responses.
Historically, U.S. foreign policy has prioritized a close alliance with Israel as a central priority in the Middle East.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
Longstanding U.S. regional orientation toward Israel as a primary partner in the Middle East.
The United States has historically removed or limited certain capabilities from weapons systems sold to Arab states in order to preserve Israelās qualitative military edge.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
Arms-export practices have included capability restrictions aimed at maintaining Israel's military advantage.
Israel has significant military capabilities, advanced technological industries, and plays a key role in intelligence-sharing with the United States.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
Attributes often cited for Israel in assessments of regional security partnerships with the U.S.
The IsraelāHezbollah war began on October 8, 2023, following a Hamas attack on southern Israel and subsequent rocket fire by Hezbollah into Israel.
November 19, 2025
high
temporal
Provides the start date and immediate precipitating actions for the most recent IsraelāHezbollah war.
The Abraham Accords established commercial and diplomatic ties between Israel and Bahrain, Morocco, and the United Arab Emirates.
November 18, 2025
high
general
Regional normalization framework in the Middle East that expanded formal relations between Israel and several Arab states.
Proposals to sell advanced U.S. military aircraft such as the F-35 to Saudi Arabia raise concerns about potential Chinese access to U.S. technology and about preserving Israel's qualitative military edge.
November 18, 2025
high
general
Common security and nonproliferation concerns associated with exporting advanced U.S. weapon systems to Middle Eastern partners.
As of 2025-11-18, F-35 fighter jets are operated in the Middle East only by Israel.
November 18, 2025
high
temporal
Distribution of advanced F-35 aircraft in the Middle East as of the referenced date.
As of 2025-11-18, Israel was the only Middle Eastern country that had obtained F-35 fighter aircraft.
November 18, 2025
high
temporal
Status of F-35 fighter aircraft possession among Middle Eastern countries.
Israel operates F-35 fighter aircraft.
November 18, 2025
high
military_equipment
Statement about the aircraft inventory of the Israeli military.
As of 2025, Israel is the only country in the Middle East that operates the F-35 fighter jet.
November 17, 2025
high
general
Regional distribution of F-35 operators
U.S. policy aims to preserve Israel's qualitative military advantage (QMA) over its neighbors, and that objective is a major factor in decisions about exporting advanced weapons systems to other countries.
November 17, 2025
high
policy
QMA is a longstanding U.S. policy principle used when evaluating potential arms sales to regional partners.
The Abraham Accords are U.S.-brokered agreements, initiated in 2020, that normalized diplomatic and commercial relations between Israel and several Arab countries.
November 17, 2025
high
diplomacy
The Abraham Accords refer to a set of normalization agreements between Israel and multiple Arab states beginning in 2020.
The creation of a Palestinian state alongside Israel is widely regarded by many international actors as the only realistic long-term way to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
November 16, 2025
high
temporal
This reflects a broadly expressed international position on durable solutions to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Some Israeli political leaders assert that establishing a Palestinian state would reward or empower Hamas and could result in a Hamas-governed entity on Israel's borders.
November 16, 2025
high
temporal
This argument is a recurring rationale used by certain Israeli policymakers who oppose Palestinian statehood on security grounds.
Saudi Arabia has sought U.S. defense commitments or security guarantees as a condition for normalizing diplomatic relations with Israel.
November 13, 2025
high
policy_preference
Reported Saudi negotiation demands regarding normalization with Israel.
Saudi Arabia has insisted on an irreversible, credible, and time-bound pathway to Palestinian statehood as a condition for normalization with Israel.
November 13, 2025
high
policy_preference
Core Saudi demand referenced in diplomatic discussions about normalization with Israel.
The Trump administration's Gaza peace plan states that if the Palestinian Authority implements specified reforms during Gaza reconstruction, conditions may be met for a credible pathway to Palestinian self-determination and statehood and proposes establishing a dialogue between Israel and the Palestinians to agree on a political horizon for peaceful coexistence.
November 13, 2025
high
policy_content
Summary of key conditional elements and proposed mechanisms in the Trump administration's Gaza peace plan.
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is a prominent opponent of the two-state solution.
November 13, 2025
high
political_position
Longstanding public political stance attributed to Benjamin Netanyahu regarding Israeli-Palestinian final-status arrangements.
In Israel, a presidential pardon request must follow formal channels and generally requires the person seeking a pardon to submit a formal request.
November 11, 2025
medium
procedural
Describes the procedural requirement for obtaining a presidential pardon in Israel
In reported IsraelāGaza exchange arrangements in 2025, the exchange pattern was that for each Israeli hostage returned, Israel released the remains of 15 Palestinians.
November 10, 2025
high
policy
Describes the reported ratio used in hostage-remains exchange arrangements during the 2025 ceasefire process.
As of 2025-11-07, under the Israel-Hamas ceasefire that began on 2025-10-10, Israel had released the bodies of 285 Palestinians, of which 84 had been identified, according to the Red Cross and Gaza's Health Ministry.
November 07, 2025
high
temporal
Counts of bodies released and identifications under the ceasefire
Israel's land border with Egypt is approximately 200 kilometers (130 miles) long.
November 06, 2025
high
geographical
Border length between Israel and Egypt as commonly reported in geopolitical descriptions.
Under the 2025 U.S.-brokered ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, exchanges have involved Israel releasing the remains of approximately 15 Palestinians for each Israeli hostage returned.
November 04, 2025
high
policy
Describes the exchange ratio applied during the 2025 ceasefire arrangement.
The Hamas-led attack on Israel in 2023 killed about 1,200 people and resulted in approximately 251 people being taken hostage.
November 02, 2025
high
statistical
Casualty and hostage figures describing the scale of the Hamas-led 2023 attack that triggered the subsequent conflict.
Gaza's Health Ministry reported that Israel's military offensive in Gaza has killed more than 68,600 Palestinians and that the ministry's counts do not distinguish between civilians and combatants.
November 02, 2025
high
statistical
Reported casualty total and the ministry's counting methodology as stated by Gaza's Health Ministry.
The total number of Palestinian bodies returned by Israel since the ceasefire began was reported as 225, with 75 of those identified by families, as of 2025-11-01.
November 01, 2025
high
temporal
Aggregated count of bodies transferred from Gaza to Israel and identification status reported by Gaza's Health Ministry.
A stated operational focus for the International Stabilization Force (ISF) is securing Gaza's borders with Israel and Egypt and preventing arms smuggling.
October 30, 2025
high
operational
Describes the security objectives attributed to the proposed force.
Under former President Donald Trump's 20-point plan, deployment of the International Stabilization Force (ISF) is presented as a condition for Israel's further withdrawal from roughly 50% of Gaza's territory that Israel still holds.
October 30, 2025
high
policy
Describes a conditional linkage in a stated political plan between ISF deployment and Israeli territorial withdrawal in Gaza.
As of October 28, 2025, 15 deceased hostages had been returned from Gaza under a ceasefire, and in exchange Israel had handed back 195 Palestinian bodies to Gaza.
October 28, 2025
high
temporal
Counts of bodies exchanged between parties during the ceasefire process.
As of October 28, 2025, the start of the ceasefire saw the return of 20 living hostages to Israel in exchange for Israel freeing roughly 2,000 Palestinian prisoners.
October 28, 2025
high
temporal
Reported prisoner and hostage exchange terms associated with the ceasefire.
Jared Kushner helped broker the Abraham Accords, which normalized relations between Israel and several Arab countries in 2020.
October 23, 2025
high
contextual
Describes a durable diplomatic role associated with Jared Kushner.
In 2025, the Trump administration publicly stated that it opposed Israeli annexation of the West Bank.
October 23, 2025
high
temporal
U.S. foreign policy position regarding territorial changes in the West Bank.
The IsraeliāPalestinian conflict has persisted for nearly eight decades as of 2025.
October 21, 2025
high
temporal
Referenced in discussion of long-term peace efforts between Israel and the Palestinians.
A 2025 ceasefire deal included a provision that Israel would release 15 Palestinian bodies in exchange for the remains of each deceased Israeli hostage.
October 21, 2025
high
policy
Term of the U.S.-brokered ceasefire referenced by parties involved in Gaza negotiations.
Israel requires international nongovernmental organizations operating in Gaza and the West Bank to re-register under new criteria that include approval by a committee which includes representatives from Israel's Ministry for Diaspora Affairs and Combating Antisemitism.
October 21, 2025
high
temporal
Describes a policy requirement governing INGOs' legal authorization to operate in Gaza and the West Bank.
COGAT, the Israeli military body involved in the NGO approval process, identifies reasons for delisting aid groups that include 'supporting terrorist groups and activities in accordance with Israel law' and 'inciting racism'.
October 21, 2025
high
temporal
States the official categories COGAT uses when assessing or removing NGOs from approval lists.
The Knesset conducts preliminary readings as an early legislative stage in the process of passing laws (as of 2025).
October 21, 2025
high
temporal
Describes a procedural stage in Israel's legislature.
In Israel's parliamentary system, a prime minister who controls a Knesset majority can prevent a legislative vote by removing an item from the agenda or by directing members of their party how to vote (as of 2025).
October 21, 2025
high
temporal
General description of how majority control and party discipline can affect parliamentary voting outcomes.
In 2025, the Trump administration stated opposition to Israeli annexation of the West Bank and warned that potential annexation could threaten peace efforts related to Gaza.
October 21, 2025
high
temporal
Summarizes a U.S. administration policy position regarding territorial annexation and its perceived impact on peace processes.
A 2025 ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas included terms calling for Hamas to disarm and transfer governance of Gaza to a technocratic, apolitical Palestinian committee responsible for day-to-day public services and municipalities.
October 18, 2025
high
policy
Summarizes the governance and disarmament provisions specified in the ceasefire agreement.
By 2025, reporting characterized the IsraelāHamas conflict referenced in the article as a two-year war.
October 18, 2025
high
temporal
Provides the reported duration of the IsraelāHamas war as of 2025.
A 2025 Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research poll found that roughly six in ten U.S. adults said President Donald Trump and Republicans in Congress had "a great deal" or "quite a bit" of responsibility for the government shutdown.
October 16, 2025
high
statistical
Public-opinion measurement of perceived responsibility for a government shutdown.
New York City has the largest Jewish diaspora population outside of Israel.
October 16, 2025
high
geographical
Describes the relative size of Jewish diaspora communities worldwide.
As of 2025, the government of Israel controls the borders of the Gaza Strip and has imposed sustained restrictions on shipments of food, medicine, fuel, and gas into Gaza.
October 15, 2025
high
policy
Describes border control and sustained restrictions on essential goods into Gaza as a policy/operational condition affecting humanitarian access.
Benjamin Netanyahu is the Prime Minister of Israel.
October 13, 2025
high
descriptive
Incumbent head of government of Israel.
The Knesset is the national legislature of Israel (Israel's parliament).
October 13, 2025
high
temporal
Institutional description of Israel's legislative body.
The Knesset is the national parliament of Israel.
October 12, 2025
high
definition
Name of Israel's legislative body
Israeli settlements have expanded across the occupied West Bank.
October 12, 2025
high
temporal
Ongoing settlement growth in the territory internationally recognized as the occupied West Bank.
Millions of Palestinians live under Israeli military occupation in the occupied West Bank and face restrictions on basic rights.
October 12, 2025
high
temporal
General description of governance and rights conditions in the occupied West Bank.
Re'im is a military base located in southern Israel.
October 12, 2025
high
geographical
Re'im is a named military installation in southern Israel.
A U.N. independent commission determined in 2025 that Israel committed genocide in Gaza.
October 10, 2025
high
temporal
Finding reported by a U.N. independent commission regarding alleged violations during the Gaza conflict.
Hamas's October 7, 2023 attack on Israel sparked the subsequent war between Israel and Hamas.
October 10, 2025
high
temporal
Identifies the initiation event and date commonly cited as the trigger for the multi-year conflict.
Ceasefire frameworks between Israel and Hamas can include mutual exchanges in which hostages held in Gaza are released and Palestinian prisoners held by Israel are returned.
October 10, 2025
high
contextual
Describes a common structure of negotiated ceasefire/hostage-release agreements between the parties.
The ceasefire in Gaza that began on 2025-10-10 includes a requirement that Hamas return all remains of hostages in Gaza as soon as possible.
October 10, 2025
high
temporal
Provision of the ceasefire agreement between parties in the IsraelāGaza conflict.
A U.S.-brokered ceasefire between Israel and Hamas took effect on 2025-10-10.
October 10, 2025
high
temporal
Date when the truce entered into force between the parties in the Israel-Hamas war.
During the 2025 U.S.-brokered ceasefire between Israel and Hamas that began on 2025-10-10, Israel released the remains of approximately 15 Palestinians for each hostage returned.
October 10, 2025
high
statistic
Quantified exchange ratio applied as part of prisoner/remains exchange arrangements during the 2025 ceasefire.
Under the ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas that began on 2025-10-10, Israel agreed to release 15 Palestinian bodies for the remains of each Israeli hostage.
October 10, 2025
high
temporal
Term of the U.S.-brokered ceasefire agreement governing exchanges of remains between Israel and Hamas.
Israel and the Palestinian Islamist movement Hamas are principal armed parties involved in recurring conflicts over the Gaza Strip.
October 09, 2025
high
political
Describes the primary actors commonly involved in hostilities and negotiations concerning Gaza.
By October 2025, the Israel-Hamas war that began in October 2023 had lasted two years and had resulted in the deaths of tens of thousands of Palestinians and widespread destruction, displacement, and famine in parts of the Gaza Strip.
October 09, 2025
high
temporal
Summary of humanitarian and human cost outcomes attributed to the two-year conflict in Gaza.
John Fetterman has been publicly identified as a Democrat who expresses strong support for Israel.
October 09, 2025
high
temporal
Describes the enduring political stance and foreign-policy posture attributed to the named senator.
As of 2025-10-09, Gaza health records reported that 67,194 people had been killed in Gaza, including more than 18,000 children.
October 09, 2025
high
statistical
Aggregate death toll and child fatalities in Gaza reported by Gaza health authorities.
The peace plan proposed by U.S. President Donald Trump calls for an immediate ceasefire and for the release of hostages taken during the Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel.
October 08, 2025
high
policy
Summarizes core elements of a proposed U.S. peace plan to end the IsraelāGaza war.
The Trump peace plan envisions Israeli withdrawal of troops from the Gaza Strip after Hamas disarms and the deployment of an international security force in Gaza.
October 08, 2025
high
policy
Describes proposed sequencing of security and troop withdrawal measures in the plan.
Israel's retaliatory military campaign following the October 2023 attack resulted in tens of thousands of Palestinian deaths and caused extensive devastation in Gaza as of 2025-10-08.
October 08, 2025
high
temporal
This summarizes reported casualty scale and physical destruction in Gaza during the multi-year IsraelāHamas conflict.
As of 2025-10-08, Israeli military actions during the Gaza war had reportedly resulted in the deaths of more than 67,000 Palestinians.
October 08, 2025
high
temporal
Cumulative reported death toll for Palestinians during the Gaza war.
A 2025 study by the Costs of War project at Brown University's Watson School of International and Public Affairs found that the United States provided at least $21.7 billion in military assistance to Israel between 2023-10-07 and 2025-10-07.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Estimate of U.S. military assistance to Israel over the two-year period following Oct. 7, 2023.
A 2025 report produced in conjunction with the Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft and the Costs of War project estimated that U.S. military assistance to Israel amounted to approximately $17.9 billion in the first year after 2023-10-07 and $3.8 billion in the second year.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Year-by-year breakdown of the two-year total U.S. military assistance to Israel following Oct. 7, 2023.
The Israeli parliament, the Knesset, has 120 seats.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Basic description of Israel's national legislature size.
Israel has an exemption that grants certain religious students a pass from mandatory military conscription.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
A longstanding policy issue affecting coalition politics and conscription debates in Israel.
Shin Bet is Israel's domestic security agency analogous to the U.S. FBI; Aman is Israel's Military Intelligence Directorate and is the country's largest intelligence agency; and Mossad is Israel's foreign intelligence agency responsible for operations abroad.
October 07, 2025
high
organizational
Overview of the primary Israeli intelligence agencies and their functional roles.
Israeli strikes against identified terrorist threats are typically executed by the Israeli Air Force and emphasize precision targeting.
October 07, 2025
high
operational
Typical method and characteristic of how identified threats are struck in Israeli military practice.
A 2025 peace proposal by U.S. President Donald J. Trump envisions Israel withdrawing its troops from Gaza after Hamas disarms, the deployment of an international security force, placing Gaza under international governance, and oversight of that governance by Donald J. Trump and former U.K. Prime Minister Tony Blair.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Core elements described in a proposed plan intended to end the conflict in Gaza.
By 2025, a growing number of experts, including experts commissioned by a United Nations body, have characterized Israelās military offensive in Gaza as genocide, a characterization that Israel disputes.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Divergent expert and state assessments regarding the legal characterization of the Gaza offensive.
In 2025, Gaza's Health Ministry reported that more than 67,000 Palestinians had been killed and nearly 170,000 had been wounded in the Israel-Hamas conflict.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Cumulative casualty figures reported by Gaza's Health Ministry for the conflict.
Indonesia is the world's most populous Muslim-majority country and does not have formal diplomatic relations with Israel.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Describes Indonesia's demographic status and diplomatic relationship status with Israel.
By Oct. 7, 2025, reporting attributed that Israel's military offensive in Gaza had killed more than 67,000 people, displaced around 90% of the Gaza Strip's roughly 2,000,000 residents, and created a humanitarian crisis with experts saying Gaza City was experiencing famine.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Aggregate casualty, displacement, and humanitarian condition estimates cited in reporting about the Gaza conflict as of October 7, 2025.
A 2025 U.S. proposal for Gaza (commonly described as the 'Trump plan') called on Hamas to release all Israeli hostages, relinquish governance and arms in Gaza, and in return proposed that Israel end hostilities, release Palestinian prisoners, and place Gaza under interim international governance.
October 07, 2025
high
policy
Summary of the main policy elements attributed to the 2025 U.S. proposal for Gaza.
As of 2025, Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank expressed deep distrust toward both Israel and the United States, driven by a prolonged two-year war, ongoing settler violence in the West Bank, and military restrictions.
October 07, 2025
high
societal
Broad, generalizable characterization of public sentiment among Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank in 2025.
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) is the national military of the State of Israel.
October 07, 2025
high
definition
Institutional definition of the IDF.
Maale Adumim is a large Israeli settlement located just east of Jerusalem.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Maale Adumim is a major Israeli settlement in the West Bank adjacent to Jerusalem.
Israeli settlements in the West Bank are widely considered illegal under international law, a characterization that the Israeli government disputes and has nonetheless supported through settlement expansion.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
There is broad international consensus that settlements in occupied territory violate international law, while the Israeli state contests that view and has pursued settlement policies.
The White House's 2025 20-point proposal for Gaza included an immediate end to hostilities once both sides accept, a pullback of Israeli forces to a designated 'initial line' inside Gaza to allow hostage handovers, and suspension of military operations during those transfers.
October 06, 2025
high
policy
Elements of a proposed ceasefire framework
The White House's 2025 20-point proposal specified that all 48 hostages, living and deceased, would be returned within 72 hours of both sides publicly accepting the agreement.
October 06, 2025
high
temporal
Proposed timeline for hostage returns in the ceasefire framework
The White House's 2025 20-point proposal called for Israel to release roughly 250 Palestinian prisoners serving life sentences and about 1,700 Gaza residents detained since the war began in exchange for returning hostages.
October 06, 2025
high
policy
Proposed prisoner-for-hostage exchange terms
A United Nations commission concluded in 2025 that Israel had committed genocide against Palestinians in Gaza.
October 06, 2025
high
report_finding
Finding reported by a U.N. commission concerning actions in Gaza during the 2023ā2025 conflict period.
A U.S. 20-point peace plan (2025) proposes that all hostages, dead and alive, be returned within 72 hours after Hamas agrees to the deal; the plan calls for Israeli military withdrawal, the complete disarmament of Hamas, amnesty for Hamas members in exchange for disarmament, and an option for disarmed members to leave Gaza for third-party countries willing to accept them.
October 06, 2025
high
temporal
Core provisions summarized from the U.S. 20-point peace blueprint referenced in 2025.
Ktziot prison in Israel is a maximum-security detention facility.
October 06, 2025
high
institutional
Ktziot is referenced in reporting about detainees held after interception of an aid flotilla.
Maritime aid flotillas have been used to attempt to break the Israeli siege or blockade of Gaza.
October 06, 2025
high
conflict
Activists have organized flotillas aiming to deliver aid or challenge restrictions on access to Gaza.
Reuters reported that Hamas-run Gaza health authorities claimed that Israel's military campaign had resulted in over 67,000 deaths in Gaza, mostly civilians, in 2025.
October 06, 2025
medium
statistical
Reported casualty figure attributed to Gaza health authorities and cited by Reuters.
Egypt and Qatar serve as mediators in indirect negotiations between Israel and Hamas, shuttling between the parties to facilitate talks.
October 06, 2025
high
procedural
Describes recurring diplomatic roles used to facilitate IsraelāHamas negotiations.
Negotiations between Israel and Hamas commonly include arrangements to exchange or release Israeli hostages held by Hamas and Palestinian political prisoners held by Israel.
October 06, 2025
high
procedural
Describes a durable negotiation component involving detainees and hostages in IsraelāHamas talks.
Israel enforces a naval blockade of the Gaza Strip.
October 05, 2025
high
contextual
Describes an ongoing Israeli security policy restricting maritime access to Gaza.
Ketziot Prison is a detention facility located in the Negev desert in southern Israel.
October 05, 2025
high
contextual
Ketziot is known as a major Israeli detention site in the Negev region.
The Trump administration supports a two-state solution for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, conditioned on direct negotiation with Israel and the fulfillment of defined security conditions.
October 05, 2025
high
policy
Stated U.S. administration policy position on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
A 2025 U.S. peace plan linked a hostage release to a reciprocal exchange involving Palestinian prisoners held by Israel.
October 05, 2025
high
policy
The proposed exchange mechanism connecting hostages and prisoners was a central element of the plan.
U.S. officials in 2025 described a two-phase approach to ceasefire negotiations in which an initial hostage release would be followed by an Israeli military pullback to a previously held boundary position, while decisions about Gaza's future governing structure could be negotiated concurrently.
October 05, 2025
high
diplomatic-process
Outlined sequencing and parallel negotiation topics presented by U.S. interlocutors as part of the proposed framework.
Israel maintains a maritime blockade of the Gaza Strip.
October 05, 2025
high
descriptive
Longstanding geopolitical measure governing maritime access to Gaza.
Israel has a longstanding dependency on the United States as its chief patron and primary security ally.
October 05, 2025
high
contextual
Describes the bilateral security and political relationship between Israel and the United States.
As of 2025, Zohran Mamdani's stated policy positions include advocating for higher taxes to expand government social programs, reevaluating the United States' relationship with Israel, and implementing a rent freeze in New York City.
October 03, 2025
high
temporal
Summarizes policy positions attributed to Zohran Mamdani.
A U.S. poll conducted by the Pew Research Center in late September 2025 found that 35% of respondents had a positive opinion of Israel's government, down from 47% in 2022.
September 30, 2025
high
temporal
Survey of American attitudes toward Israel's government amid ongoing conflict.
The 2025 Trump peace proposal called for an end to Israel's military operations in Gaza, the disarmament of Hamas, and the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip under a Palestinian governing body overseen by a U.S.-led international coalition.
September 29, 2025
high
policy
Specific policy elements and implementation framework described in the 2025 peace proposal.
As of 2025-09-07, the IsraelāHamas conflict had lasted for more than two years.
September 07, 2025
high
temporal
Duration of the ongoing armed conflict between Israel and Hamas.
Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey have served as mediators in indirect negotiations between Israel and Hamas.
September 07, 2025
high
diplomatic
Third-party states facilitating talks between Israel and Hamas.
United States administrations deploy envoys and diplomatic channels to facilitate negotiations between Israel and Hamas, including efforts aimed at securing hostage releases and ceasefires.
September 07, 2025
high
political
U.S. diplomatic practice in managing or mediating aspects of the IsraelāHamas conflict.
As of 2025, Israel was the only country in the Middle East operating F-35 fighter jets.
May 13, 2025
high
temporal
Describes regional distribution of the F-35 platform as reported in 2025.
Saudi Arabia is geographically closer to Israel than the United Arab Emirates, which implies shorter flight times from Saudi airbases to Israeli territory compared with UAE airbases.
May 13, 2025
high
geographic
Geographic proximity affects operational reach and response times for military aircraft.
The 'dual loyalty' trope is an antisemitic claim that American Jews' primary allegiance is to Israel and that they are inherently disloyal to the United States.
March 25, 2025
high
definition
Describes a widely recognized antisemitic trope referenced in political debates about criticism of Israel.
As of 2025, the MAGA movement contains factions that favor maintaining historically close U.S. ties and military support for Israel and other factions that view Israel as an economic drain on the United States.
March 25, 2025
high
political
Summarizes durable, opposing positions within the MAGA-aligned political movement regarding U.S. policy toward Israel.
The term "yellow line" is used to denote a boundary separating Israeli-controlled and Hamas-controlled areas within the Gaza Strip.
January 01, 2025
high
definition
Label used to describe an internal boundary within Gaza between areas under different control.
The U.S. State Department identifies grounds for visa revocation to include indicators of an overstay, criminal activity, threats to public safety, engagement in terrorist activity, and providing support to a terrorist organization, and the administration has characterized certain public statements (including criticism of U.S. support for Israel or expressions of support for Palestinians) as potentially falling under its broad definition of support for terrorism.
January 01, 2025
high
policy
Describes policy grounds and administrative interpretation used to assess visa eligibility and potential revocation.
Low-level exchanges between Hezbollah and Israel escalated into a full-scale war in September 2024.
September 01, 2024
high
temporal
Summarizes the timeline by which cross-border hostilities between Hezbollah and Israel intensified into larger-scale warfare.
The Rafah border crossing between Gaza and Egypt has been closed since May 2024 after Israel took control of the Gaza-side terminal.
May 01, 2024
high
temporal
Status and cause of the Rafah crossing closure beginning in May 2024.
South Africa lodged a case at the International Court of Justice accusing Israel of genocide in Gaza in late 2023.
December 01, 2023
high
temporal
Legal action brought by a sovereign state to the ICJ alleging genocide in the context of the IsraelāGaza conflict.
Under the Gaza ceasefire arrangement that began on 2023-10-10, Israel has been releasing the remains of 15 Palestinians for each Israeli hostage returned.
October 10, 2023
high
statistical
Describes the exchange ratio applied during the Gaza ceasefire.
The IsraelāHezbollah war began on 2023-10-08, after a Hamas attack on southern Israel and subsequent Hezbollah rocket fire in solidarity.
October 08, 2023
high
temporal
Describes the start date and immediate catalysts of the IsraelāHezbollah war.
The IsraelāHezbollah war began on 2023-10-08.
October 08, 2023
high
temporal
Start date of the most recent major outbreak of hostilities between Israel and Hezbollah.
The proposed plan specified that Hamas would release the remaining hostages taken on October 7, 2023 within 72 hours of an agreement, and that Israel would release 250 Palestinians serving life sentences plus 1,700 other Gazans detained after the start of the conflict as part of the exchange.
October 07, 2023
high
statistical
Detailed terms for the hostage-prisoner exchange as described within the peace plan.
During the October 7, 2023 Hamas attacks on Israel, approximately 1,200 people were killed and about 251 individuals were taken into the Gaza Strip.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Casualty and abduction counts associated with the Oct. 7, 2023 attacks.
The October 7, 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel sparked the war in Gaza.
October 07, 2023
high
historical
This attack is widely cited as the initiating event for the subsequent large-scale conflict in Gaza.
An armed conflict between Israel and Hamas began in 2023 following Hamas' Oct. 7, 2023 attacks.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Provides historical origin of the current IsraelāHamas conflict.
On October 7, 2023, Hamas-led militants attacked southern Israel, killing about 1,200 people, mostly civilians, and abducting 251 hostages, an attack that triggered the subsequent war.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Describes the October 7, 2023 attack that initiated the ongoing IsraelāGaza war.
The Oct. 7, 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel resulted in approximately 1,200 people killed and 251 people taken hostage.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Fatalities and hostage figures reported for the Hamas-led attack on Israel on October 7, 2023.
Hamas' October 7, 2023 terrorist attack on Israel killed approximately 1,200 people and resulted in 251 people being taken hostage and brought into Gaza.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Background statistics on the initial Hamas attack that sparked the IsraelāGaza war.
Of the 251 people taken hostage into Gaza during Hamas' October 7, 2023 attack, 148 were either freed as part of previous ceasefire agreements or rescued by Israeli forces, and the bodies of 57 hostages were returned or recovered, according to the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Status breakdown of individuals taken hostage in the October 7, 2023 attack.
A Hamas attack on Israel on 2023-10-07 killed about 1,200 people, many of them civilians.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
This event is widely reported as the initiation of the current major IsraelāHamas hostilities.
The Gaza war began with a surprise attack by Hamas on southern Israel on 2023-10-07 that killed nearly 1,200 people, mostly Israeli civilians.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Describes the initiating attack and immediate casualty toll.
The 2023-10-07 attack on southern Israel was the deadliest single-day attack on Israel since the country's founding in 1948.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Places the October 7, 2023 attack in historical perspective relative to Israel's founding.
Hamas launched an attack into Israel on October 7, 2023.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
This attack is widely cited as the trigger for the subsequent Israel-Hamas war that began in October 2023.
Israel launched an offensive in the Gaza Strip in response to the October 7, 2023 Hamas attack.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
The offensive followed the October 7, 2023 attack and led to sustained military operations in Gaza.
Hamas-led militants launched a surprise attack on southern Israel on 2023-10-07 in which about 1,200 people, mostly civilians, were killed and 251 were taken hostage.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Initial attack that triggered the 2023 IsraelāHamas war.
The IsraelāHamas war began on October 7, 2023, when Hamas-led militants carried out an attack that triggered the conflict.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Background on the onset of the recent IsraelāGaza conflict.
The war between Israel and Hamas began on 2023-10-07 with an attack by Hamas-led militants.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Start date and initiating attack of the IsraelāHamas war referenced in the article.
Hamas' October 7, 2023 attack on Israel resulted in approximately 1,200 people killed and 251 people kidnapped.
October 07, 2023
high
historical
Background on the origin of the 2023ā2025 IsraelāGaza war
On October 7, 2023, an attack by Hamas on Israel killed approximately 1,200 people and marked the start of the Gaza war.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Date and casualty estimate commonly cited as the initiation of the 2023 Gaza war.
The IsraelāHamas war began with Hamas's attack on October 7, 2023.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Identifies the initiating event and date of the IsraelāHamas war.
Before the October 2023 war, the Rafah border crossing between Gaza and Egypt was the only Gaza crossing not controlled by Israel.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Describes control status of Gaza border crossings prior to the 2023 outbreak of war.
On 2023-10-07, attacks by Hamas against Israel resulted in deaths and abductions along the Gaza border.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Background context for subsequent hostage and remains issues stemming from the October 7, 2023 attacks.
Special West Bank security provisions imposed by Israel after the Hamas-led attacks of October 7, 2023 classify stone-throwing as a serious criminal offense and define it as throwing an object, including a stone, or acting in concert to do so.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Describes the legal characterization and definition of stone-throwing under special security provisions enacted after the October 7, 2023 attacks.
Under those special West Bank security provisions, the prescribed penalties for stone-throwing are up to 10 years in prison if the target is a person or property, and up to 20 years in prison if the target is a moving vehicle.
October 07, 2023
high
temporal
Specifies statutory maximum penalties for stone-throwing under the post-October 7, 2023 West Bank security provisions.
Sudan signed a U.S.-brokered Abraham Accords declaration in January 2021, but subsequent internal political unrest prevented efforts to formalize diplomatic relations with Israel.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
Describes Sudan's 2021 declaration status and the effect of internal unrest on formalization.
The Abraham Accords, concluded in 2020, normalized diplomatic relations between Israel and several Arab states.
September 15, 2020
high
historical
A set of agreements that altered diplomatic relations in the Middle East.
The Abraham Accords, formalized in 2020, established normalized diplomatic relations between Israel and the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco.
September 15, 2020
high
temporal
Historic diplomatic agreements that created formal relations between Israel and multiple Arab states.
The Abraham Accords (2020) resulted in Israel normalizing diplomatic relations with four Arab League countries.
September 15, 2020
high
temporal
The Abraham Accords are a set of agreements that led to normalization of relations between Israel and several Arab states in 2020.
The Abraham Accords normalized diplomatic relations between Israel and several Arab states, notably the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, in 2020 (agreements signed on 2020-09-15).
September 15, 2020
high
temporal
A multilateral diplomatic agreement that led to normalization of relations between Israel and some Arab states.
The Abraham Accords are an Israel-Arab normalization agreement first signed on 2020-09-15.
September 15, 2020
high
temporal
Defines the nature and origin date of the Abraham Accords.
The United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Morocco have each formalized normalization agreements with Israel under the Abraham Accords.
September 15, 2020
high
temporal
Lists countries that completed formal normalization with Israel through the Abraham Accords.
The Abraham Accords are diplomatic agreements under which some Arab and Muslim-majority countries normalized relations with Israel, including Bahrain, Morocco, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates.
September 15, 2020
high
temporal
Description of the purpose and initial participant countries of the Abraham Accords.
The United Arab Emirates and Israel established formal diplomatic relations through a normalization agreement in 2020.
January 01, 2020
high
temporal
The article notes the UAE had struck a diplomatic recognition deal with Israel in 2020 (diplomatic normalization).
The Abraham Accords were first signed in 2020 to broker normalization of relations between Israel and some Arab neighbors.
January 01, 2020
high
temporal
The Abraham Accords are a diplomatic framework for normalizing ties between Israel and certain Arab states.
The United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Morocco formalized relations with Israel under the Abraham Accords in 2020.
January 01, 2020
high
temporal
These three countries established formal diplomatic relations with Israel as part of the Abraham Accords process.
Benjamin Netanyahu's criminal trial began in 2020 on charges of bribery, fraud, and breach of trust across three separate corruption cases, and the trial marked the first time a sitting Israeli prime minister testified as a criminal defendant.
January 01, 2020
high
temporal
Overview of the legal proceedings involving Israel's prime minister
The 2020 Abraham Accords included an agreement under which Israel accepted the United States supplying F-35 jets to the United Arab Emirates subject to several security guarantees.
January 01, 2020
high
temporal
Part of diplomatic normalization arrangements between Israel and UAE under the Abraham Accords.
Jonathan Pollard moved to Israel in 2020 and is regarded as a hero by some segments of the American political right.
January 01, 2020
high
historical
Indicates Pollard's relocation and how he is perceived by certain political constituencies in the U.S.
The United States recognized Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights in 2019 (announcement made on 2019-03-25).
March 25, 2019
high
temporal
A change in U.S. foreign policy concerning territorial recognition taken during the Trump administration.
The United States moved its embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem in 2018.
May 14, 2018
high
temporal
Relocation of the U.S. diplomatic mission in Israel under U.S. policy decisions.
There have been three U.S. 10-year framework agreements for long-term security assistance to Israel: a 1998 agreement totaling $21.3 billion, a 2008 agreement totaling $32 billion, and a 2016 agreement totaling $38 billion.
January 01, 2016
high
temporal
Historical U.S. long-term security assistance framework agreements with Israel and their dollar values.
A 2015 randomized trial (the LEAP study) found that early introduction of peanut-containing foods to infants substantially reduced the risk of developing peanut allergy and noted lower peanut allergy prevalence among Israeli infants who routinely consumed a peanut snack called Bamba compared with British infants who avoided peanuts.
January 01, 2015
high
temporal
Landmark trial linking early peanut exposure in infancy to reduced peanut allergy risk.
Jonathan Pollard served approximately 30 years in U.S. prison after being convicted of giving classified documents to Israel and was released on parole in 2015.
January 01, 2015
high
historical
Background on an individual whose case is often cited in discussions of U.S.-Israel intelligence issues and political controversies.
The U.S. Congress codified the United States' commitment to maintaining Israel's qualitative military edge (QME) into law in 2008.
January 01, 2008
high
temporal
Legal basis for U.S. policy aimed at preserving Israel's military qualitative advantage in the region.
Marwan Barghouti was convicted in 2004 in connection with attacks that killed five people and is serving multiple life sentences in Israel.
January 01, 2004
high
temporal
Legal status and sentencing of a long-imprisoned Palestinian political figure
Israel has accused Marwan Barghouti of being a leader of the Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades, a Fatah-linked armed group that carried out attacks during the Second Intifada.
January 01, 2000
high
temporal
Allegations about Barghouti's role in armed activity during the Second Intifada
The Second Intifada, which erupted in the early 2000s, involved Palestinian armed groups carrying out attacks that killed hundreds of Israelis and was fueled in part by anger over continued occupation despite years of peace talks.
January 01, 2000
high
temporal
Broad historical characterization of the Second Intifada
IsraeliāKazakh bilateral cooperation has included defense, cybersecurity, energy, and food-technology areas, with agreements dating back to the mid-1990s.
January 01, 1995
high
temporal
Areas of sustained bilateral cooperation between Israel and Kazakhstan.
South Africa has a longstanding official stance of support for the Palestinian cause dating back to Nelson Mandela's presidency (1994ā1999), and South African officials have compared Israel's treatment of Palestinians to apartheid while Israel rejects that comparison.
May 10, 1994
high
temporal
Historical and ongoing diplomatic positions and rhetoric linking South African anti-apartheid history to its stance on the IsraeliāPalestinian conflict.
The 1993 Oslo Accords aimed to establish a negotiated peace process between Israel and the Palestinians but ultimately collapsed under pressure from extremist groups on both sides.
September 13, 1993
high
historical
Evaluation of the long-term outcome of the Oslo peace process.
Kazakhstan has maintained diplomatic relations with Israel since 1992.
January 01, 1992
high
temporal
Baseline diplomatic relationship start year between Kazakhstan and Israel.
The Oct. 6, 1973 war between Egypt and Israel (commonly known as the October War) is historically linked to the process that resulted in Egypt regaining control of the Sinai Peninsula.
October 06, 1973
high
historical
Historical context connecting the 1973 October War to subsequent territorial changes involving the Sinai Peninsula.
After the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre, Israeli security doctrine adopted the practice of locating and killing individuals involved in planning and executing terrorist attacks for the purposes of preempting further attacks, deterring future attacks, and exacting retribution.
September 05, 1972
high
temporal
Historical basis for Israel's targeted-killing doctrine as described by former Israeli intelligence officials.
The West Bank has been occupied by Israel since 1967.
June 10, 1967
high
temporal
Historical status resulting from the 1967 Arab-Israeli conflict (Six-Day War).
Israel captured the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the Gaza Strip during the 1967 Middle East war.
June 10, 1967
high
historical
Territorial changes resulting from the 1967 Arab-Israeli (Six-Day) War.
The West Bank and the Gaza Strip were captured by Israel in the 1967 Mideast war.
January 01, 1967
high
temporal
Territorial changes resulting from the 1967 Arab-Israeli war are a key element in subsequent Israeli-Palestinian negotiations and international law discussions.
A peace plan proposed by U.S. President Donald Trump called for Hamas to free all remaining hostages and for the Israeli military to begin withdrawing from parts of Gaza in phases; the plan also proposed transferring parts of Gaza to a "technocratic" Palestinian committee and deploying a temporary security force backed by Arab states.
high
policy
Summary of the main governance and security components described in the peace plan.
Indirect negotiations between Israel and Hamas have been mediated by the United States, Qatar, and Egypt.
high
general
Describes typical mediators involved in indirect IsraelāHamas negotiations.
Hamas is designated as a terrorist organization by the United States, Israel, and many other countries.
high
status
Designation of Hamas as a terrorist organization by multiple states is a durable status used in diplomatic and legal contexts.
A proposed ceasefire and prisoner-exchange framework attributed to U.S. President Donald Trump included releasing 48 remaining Israeli hostages (about 20 of whom were described as believed to be alive) in exchange for the release of hundreds of Palestinian prisoners, including about 250 serving life sentences and approximately 1,700 detainees from Gaza who were arrested after the October 7, 2023 attack, and envisioned handing over control of Gaza to a technocratic international body.
high
policy
This describes the core components and numerical elements of the ceasefire/prisoner-exchange proposal as presented publicly.
Hostage-and-prisoner exchange deals have been used between Israel and Hamas as a mechanism to secure the release of captives.
high
general
Describes a recurring mechanism in IsraeliāHamas conflict dynamics
The American Jewish Committee defines the phrase "globalize the intifada" as calling for people from around the globe to participate in rising up against Israel.
high
definition
Clarifies the meaning of a slogan used in protests and political rhetoric related to the IsraelāPalestine conflict.
Negotiations to end hostilities in Gaza commonly prioritize initial arrangements for hostage and prisoner exchanges, an initial Israeli military withdrawal, and a cessation of hostilities, while more complex issues such as disarming Hamas and the future governing structure of Gaza are typically deferred to later negotiation phases.
high
process
Describes a typical sequencing of issues in Gaza-related ceasefire or de-escalation negotiations.
Ceasefire and conflict-resolution talks related to Gaza frequently involve multiple international mediators and participants, including regional states and their officials (for example Qatar, Turkey, and Egypt), international actors such as the United States, and negotiating teams representing both Israeli and Palestinian parties.
high
process
Describes the common composition of mediation efforts in Gaza-related negotiations.
The Knesset is the national legislature (parliament) of Israel.
high
definitional
Identifies the Knesset as Israel's parliamentary body mentioned in the article.
Saudi Arabia's stated condition for normalizing relations with Israel has been that such normalization be tied to tangible progress toward Palestinian statehood and include formal U.S. defense assurances as part of any broader regional deal.
medium
policy
Stated policy position reflecting prerequisites Saudi Arabia has sought for normalization with Israel.
Regional states such as Egypt and Qatar have acted as mediators in ceasefire negotiations between Israel and Hamas.
medium
process
Describes a recurring mediation role played by regional actors in Israeli-Palestinian ceasefire talks.
In Israel, household fortified safe rooms called mamad are built to withstand rocket fire.
high
descriptive
Mamads are reinforced safe rooms incorporated into homes to protect occupants from incoming rockets and artillery.
In some Israeli communities near Gaza, residents often used mamad safe rooms as bedrooms because they might have as little as 15 seconds to reach shelter in the event of a rocket barrage.
high
descriptive
Short warning times for incoming rockets have influenced how people arrange living spaces, including sleeping in fortified safe rooms to ensure rapid sheltering.
The Knesset is Israel's parliament and is located in Jerusalem.
high
temporal
Institutional identification of Israel's national legislature and its seat.
The Knesset is the unicameral national legislature of Israel.
high
descriptive
General description of Israel's legislative body.
The Israel Prize is regarded as Israel's highest national award.
high
contextual
The Israel Prize is a national honor awarded by the state of Israel.
Four nations joined the Abraham Accords normalization agreements with Israel during U.S. President Donald Trump's first presidential term (2017ā2021).
high
temporal
Counts the number of countries that entered normalization agreements with Israel under the Abraham Accords during Trump's first term.
Rights groups, the United Nations, and detainees have reported routine abuse in Israeli detention facilities, including beatings and insufficient food.
high
contextual
Multiple monitoring organizations and testimonies have reported patterns of mistreatment in detention settings.
Israeli authorities commonly characterize Palestinian prisoners as terrorists, while many Palestinians characterize those prisoners as freedom fighters resisting a decades-long Israeli military occupation.
high
contextual
Competing political narratives shape how Palestinian detainees are perceived by different communities.
Benjamin Netanyahu is the only sitting prime minister in Israeli history to have been indicted; he was charged with fraud, breach of trust, and accepting bribes in three separate cases.
high
legal
Historical legal status of an Israeli sitting prime minister and the nature of the charges described in the article.
A comprehensive post-conflict plan for Gaza typically includes assembling an international stabilization force, fully demilitarizing and disarming armed groups, addressing insurgents, and arranging a phased but complete Israeli withdrawal.
high
procedural
Commonly recommended components for stabilizing a territory after hostilities.
Israel has used prisoner-exchange agreements in the past to secure the release of hostages by releasing prisoners or detainees.
high
contextual
Describes a recurring practice in negotiations involving hostages and detainees.
Gershon Baskin said that Hamas has a long-standing pattern of punishing Palestinians suspected of collaborating with Israel.
high
attribution
Characterization of Hamas's treatment of suspected collaborators as reported in the article.
Gershon Baskin said that, during the war, Israel armed Palestinian militia groups opposed to Hamas with weapons and money and that some of those groups had been involved in activities such as drug selling and illegal smuggling.
high
attribution
Description of an asserted policy of arming Palestinian militias as an alternative to Hamas.
In Israel, funerals for hostages and deceased soldiers are often open to the public.
high
cultural
Describes a common practice in Israel regarding public attendance at funerals for hostages and military personnel.
Kibbutz Kfar Aza is an Israeli community located a few miles from the border with the Gaza Strip.
high
geographic
Geographic location relative to the Gaza Strip.
Negotiated agreements between Israel and Hamas can include provisions for Hamas to release hostages and for Israel to withdraw its forces to an agreed-upon line.
high
general
Hostage release and territorial or force-positioning arrangements are common components of exchange or ceasefire deals between the parties.
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) is the military force of Israel.
high
definition
Identification of the organization referenced in reporting.
The Abraham Accords are a series of agreements to normalize diplomatic relations between Israel and several Arab and Muslim-majority countries.
high
definition
Describes the nature of the Abraham Accords as a diplomatic normalization framework.
During Donald Trump's first presidential term (2017ā2021), Bahrain, Morocco, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates reached agreements to normalize relations with Israel that are commonly referred to as the Abraham Accords.
high
temporal
Identifies countries that entered normalization agreements with Israel within the timeframe of Trump's first term.
A proposed 'temporary International Stabilization Force' for Gaza was described as intended to secure areas vacated by Israeli forces, prevent munitions from entering the territory, facilitate distribution of humanitarian aid, and train a Palestinian police force.
high
contextual
Typical mandate elements proposed for an international stabilization corps in a post-conflict enclave.
Israel's Knesset is a 120-seat parliament.
high
structural
Basic description of Israel's national legislature.
Legislation in Israel's 120-seat Knesset typically undergoes multiple rounds of voting before it can become law.
high
procedural
General legislative process in the Israeli parliament as referenced in reporting.
Some members of Israeli political coalitions, including far-right factions, have expressed support for annexation of parts of the occupied West Bank.
medium
political
Describes an ongoing political stance within segments of Israeli politics regarding the West Bank.
Palestine House of Freedom (Arabic name Dar Alhurriya) is a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit whose public materials state a mission of liberation of Palestine, describe Israel as an apartheid state, call for the establishment of a free, democratic Palestine 'from the river to the sea,' and describe undertaking educational campaigns targeting lawmakers, staffers, media, and the general public.
high
descriptive
Description summarizes the nonprofit's stated mission and outreach aims as presented on its public materials.
Under a U.S.-brokered ceasefire deal, Hamas released all living Israeli hostages in exchange for nearly 2,000 Palestinian prisoners and wartime detainees.
high
temporal
Summarizes the exchange terms of a negotiated ceasefire between Hamas and Israel.
As part of the ceasefire arrangement, Israel pulled back its troops to a designated line within Gaza, halted its military offensive, and increased delivery of aid into the territory.
high
temporal
Describes military and humanitarian measures taken by Israel under the terms of a ceasefire agreement.
Hamas agreed to hand over the remains of 28 deceased Israeli hostages but reported that some remains could not be located or retrieved due to destruction caused by the war in Gaza.
high
temporal
Describes a stated obligation and stated practical difficulty regarding recovery of deceased hostages' remains.
The ICRC has historically overseen exchanges of remains and has served as one of the few channels of communication between adversaries during active conflicts, including exchanges in conflicts involving Israel and armed groups in Gaza and Lebanon.
high
historical
Describes a recurring role the ICRC has played in past conflicts as a facilitator of exchanges and communications.
Israel has long emphasized military self-reliance and independent control over its national security policy.
high
political
Describes Israel's traditional national security posture.
The Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement is a campaign that advocates boycotts, divestment and sanctions targeting Israel.
high
descriptive
Definition of the BDS movement as a political campaign targeting Israel through economic and political pressure.
The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) has condemned the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) movement as a simplistic and biased effort to delegitimize Israel and to embolden antisemitism.
high
descriptive
The ADL's organizational stance characterizing BDS as harmful to Israel and associated with antisemitic effects.
Hezbollah is an Iran-backed non-state armed group based in Lebanon that maintains a military capability, including rockets, which it has used to fire into northern Israel.
high
descriptive
General description of Hezbollah's affiliation, location, and military capabilities as reported in regional conflict coverage.
Bahrain, Morocco, Sudan, and the United Arab Emirates joined the Abraham Accords and normalized diplomatic relations with Israel.
high
diplomatic
Countries that normalized relations with Israel as part of the Abraham Accords.
The Abraham Accords are a diplomatic initiative associated with the normalization of relations between Israel and several Muslim-majority countries and were a prominent element of U.S. President Donald Trump's first term.
high
political
Describes the nature and political association of the Abraham Accords.
Defense, cybersecurity, energy, and food technology have been areas of IsraeliāKazakh cooperation, with bilateral agreements on those subjects dating back to the mid-1990s.
high
economic
Areas of ongoing bilateral cooperation and historical agreement topics between Israel and Kazakhstan.
Shin Bet (also known as the Israel Security Agency or Shabak) is Israel's domestic intelligence agency.
high
institutional
Shin Bet is the Israeli agency responsible for internal security and domestic intelligence operations.
Israel's National Center for Forensic Medicine is the national authority in Israel responsible for forensic identification of human remains.
high
institutional
Forensic medical examination and identification of remains in Israel are conducted by a centralized national center.
The 'yellow line' is a designated boundary in Gaza referenced as separating areas of control between Israeli forces and other actors and is used as a reference point for deployments or pullbacks under ceasefire arrangements.
high
definition
The term 'yellow line' is used in discussions of territorial control and ceasefire positioning in Gaza.
Saudi Arabia has conditioned normalization of diplomatic relations with Israel on Israel taking concrete, irreversible, time-bound steps toward the establishment of a Palestinian state.
high
policy
This reflects a stated Saudi diplomatic demand tied to potential normalization with Israel.
Israel's qualitative military edge is a key consideration in discussions about regional defense architecture in the Middle East.
high
general
The concept of maintaining Israel's military qualitative edge shapes regional arms sales and defense planning.
The Abraham Accords are a diplomatic initiative that established commercial and diplomatic relations between Israel and Bahrain, Morocco, and the United Arab Emirates.
high
descriptive
The Abraham Accords refer to U.S.-facilitated normalization agreements between Israel and several Arab states.
U.S. officials have expressed concerns that selling F-35 fighter jets to foreign states could risk Chinese access to sensitive U.S. technology and could affect Israel's qualitative military edge.
high
policy
This describes recurring U.S. national security considerations surrounding advanced weapons exports.
Saudi officials have stated that Saudi normalization of relations with Israel is contingent on a clear path toward Palestinian statehood.
high
policy
This reflects a stated precondition by Saudi leadership for considering formal diplomatic ties with Israel.
The Abraham Accords are a set of agreements brokered under U.S. President Donald Trump's first administration that aimed to normalize diplomatic relations between Israel and several Arab states.
high
contextual
Brief definition of the Abraham Accords and their diplomatic purpose
Countries that have signed agreements under the Abraham Accords normalizing diplomatic relations with Israel include the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Sudan, and Morocco.
high
contextual
Examples of states that have formalized relations with Israel through the Abraham Accords
Cease-fires between Israel and Hamas have been punctuated by occasional eruptions of deadly violence even when both sides state they are committed to maintaining the truce.
high
temporal
Describes a recurring pattern in the dynamics of cease-fires between Israel and Hamas.