Under U.S. federal law and practice, the President can sign a bill into law, veto a bill, or allow a bill to become law without a signature if the President does not sign or veto it within 10 days (excluding Sundays); Congress can override a presidential veto by a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.
November 19, 2025
high
constitutional
The U.S. Constitution and federal statutes set the timeline for presidential action on legislation and the mechanism for congressional veto overrides.
Courts can enjoin the federal government from conditioning the award or continuance of federal grants on measures that would violate individuals' rights under the First Amendment.
November 15, 2025
high
constitutional
Judicial relief can be used to prevent federal funding conditions that would infringe constitutional speech or associational rights.
The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is an office defined by the U.S. Constitution and is second in the presidential line of succession after the Vice President.
November 11, 2025
high
temporal
Constitutional role and succession order for the Speaker of the House.
Public entities and government officials are subject to constitutional obligations, including First Amendment constraints on government action affecting free speech.
October 08, 2025
high
legal_principle
General legal principle about government accountability under the U.S. Constitution
The Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause and the Fifteenth Amendment prohibit racial discrimination in voting and are applied in legal challenges to race-based redistricting.
March 24, 2025
high
constitutional
Courts evaluate whether race-based districting violates equal protection or constitutes impermissible racial discrimination in voting under these constitutional provisions.
The French Fifth Republic was established by the constitution that came into force on 1958-10-04.
October 04, 1958
high
institutional
Foundational legal framework of contemporary French government.
Under the constitutional framework of the French Fifth Republic, the President of France has the power to dissolve the National Assembly and call early legislative elections.
October 04, 1958
high
institutional
Presidential constitutional authority in France.
The 22nd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified on February 27, 1951, following Franklin D. Roosevelt's four presidential terms.
February 27, 1951
high
temporal
Historical origin of the presidential term limit.
The 22nd Amendment limits U.S. presidents to two elected terms in office.
February 27, 1951
high
temporal
Substantive effect of the 22nd Amendment.
The Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified on July 9, 1868, contains the Citizenship Clause that addresses birthright citizenship.
July 09, 1868
high
constitutional
The Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is the constitutional provision underlying claims and disputes about birthright citizenship in the United States.
The U.S. Constitution's Supremacy Clause establishes that federal law takes precedence over conflicting state law.
September 17, 1787
high
legal
Constitutional principle that allocates authority between federal and state law.
Amending the U.S. Constitution requires approval by two-thirds of both chambers of Congress and ratification by three-fourths of the states.
September 17, 1787
high
temporal
Procedure for constitutional amendment under Article V of the U.S. Constitution.
The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects individuals from being deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law (the right to due process).
high
legal
Constitutional protection of due process rights referenced in discussions of detention and legal proceedings.
The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution reserves to the states any powers not expressly delegated to the federal government.
high
constitutional
Describes the constitutional allocation of powers between federal and state governments in the United States.
Federalization or deployment of a state's National Guard by the President is subject to constitutional limits and generally requires a lawful showing of a rebellion or a threat of rebellion that cannot be suppressed without the use of military force.
high
legal
General legal standard constraining presidential authority to federalize state National Guard forces for domestic deployments.
Under the U.S. constitutional framework, the judiciary is an independent, co-equal branch of government intended to interpret laws impartially and to serve as a check on potential excesses by the legislative and executive branches.
high
constitutional
Describes the intended role of the judiciary in the U.S. system of separated powers.
Using criminal prosecutions to punish or silence a critic can raise constitutional concerns under the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
high
legal
Principle that prosecutorial actions motivated to deter protected speech may implicate free-speech protections.