Fifth Amendment

Individuals can invoke the Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination to refuse to testify before investigatory bodies, including congressional committees.

Individuals subpoenaed by congressional committees can invoke the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination to decline to answer questions.

The Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution provides a right against self-incrimination, allowing individuals to refuse to answer questions that could incriminate them during law enforcement questioning.

Under U.S. law, law enforcement must provide Miranda warnings before conducting custodial interrogations; statements obtained during custodial questioning without Miranda warnings may be subject to exclusion at trial.

The Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects individuals from being deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law (the right to due process).

A witness questioned by a congressional committee may invoke the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination to decline to answer questions during a deposition or hearing.

Criminal prosecutors can grant witness immunity to remove a witness's Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination, which can enable courts to compel testimony and potentially hold a witness in contempt for refusing to testify.

In U.S. legal proceedings, a minor may invoke the Fifth Amendment right against self-incrimination, and a court may hold a pre-testimony hearing to determine whether the minor will be permitted to testify.

A criminal prosecution initiated without a valid grand-jury indictment can raise constitutional concerns under the Fifth Amendment's grand jury clause.