U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can place an arrest detainer with local authorities to request custody of a noncitizen who is in local custody.
November 17, 2025
high
procedural
Detainers are a tool used by federal immigration authorities to seek transfer of custody from local law enforcement.
U.S. federal immigration authorities (such as U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement) commonly request that local or state law enforcement hold individuals in custody for potential transfer to federal immigration custody.
November 14, 2025
high
process
Summarizes a recurrent operational practice used by federal immigration agencies to take custody of noncitizens from local authorities.
U.S. Customs and Border Protection's U.S. Border Patrol agents and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers are both federal immigration officials with the same legal authority to arrest people suspected of being in the country illegally.
November 14, 2025
high
temporal
Legal authority shared by federal immigration enforcement components.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) generally conducts interior immigration enforcement through targeted, intelligence-driven operations that use prior surveillance and typically focus on noncitizens suspected of immigration violations who are also alleged to have committed crimes.
November 14, 2025
high
temporal
Typical operational approach attributed to ICE for interior enforcement.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) conducts enforcement operations that target sex offenders and child predators.
November 11, 2025
high
temporal
Types of criminal enforcement priorities pursued by ICE.
U.S. immigration authorities, including U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), can revoke a foreign national's nonimmigrant (visitor) visa.
November 10, 2025
high
temporal
Visa revocation is an administrative action by U.S. immigration authorities that can affect a visitor's ability to remain in or enter the United States.
U.S. immigration authorities can permit a noncitizen to accept voluntary departure (voluntary return) instead of issuing a formal order of removal, and ICE can arrange logistics for that departure.
November 10, 2025
high
temporal
Voluntary departure is an alternative immigration outcome that allows a noncitizen to leave the United States without a removal order being entered on their record.
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security reported a 1,000 percent increase in assaults against Homeland Security law enforcement officers in the line of duty.
November 07, 2025
high
statistical
Agency-reported change in assaults experienced by Homeland Security law enforcement personnel.
As of 2025-11-02, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was holding nearly 60,000 people in detention, the highest number in years.
November 02, 2025
high
temporal
Size of ICE detention population
As of 2025-11-02, most people held in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention did not have criminal records.
November 02, 2025
high
temporal
Criminal-history composition of ICE detainees
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security reported in 2025 an 8,000% increase in death threats targeting U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officers.
October 30, 2025
high
temporal
DHS-reported statistic about threats against federal immigration enforcement personnel.
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) are federal agencies responsible for immigration enforcement in the United States.
October 30, 2025
high
institutional
Identification of federal agencies that carry out immigration enforcement duties.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operates detention facilities that house individuals taken into federal immigration custody.
October 29, 2025
high
legal
Describes the role and infrastructure of the federal agency that detains people subject to immigration enforcement.
ICE is the acronym for Immigration and Customs Enforcement, an agency that conducts immigration enforcement operations.
October 29, 2025
high
definition
ICE is referenced in reporting about immigration enforcement actions.
Alleged interference with Immigration and Customs Enforcement operations can lead to federal criminal charges such as conspiracy to impede or injure a federal officer.
October 29, 2025
high
legal
Describes legal consequences tied to obstructing federal immigration enforcement activities.
The U.S. Department of State can revoke a foreign national's visa, and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can detain noncitizens found to be unlawfully present and place them into immigration removal proceedings.
October 27, 2025
high
procedural
Describes standard U.S. visa revocation and immigration enforcement processes.
At least 20 people died in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody in 2025.
October 23, 2025
high
temporal
Reported count of deaths in ICE custody during 2025.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) was holding nearly 60,000 people in immigration detention in 2025, a peak level in several years.
October 23, 2025
high
temporal
Reported detention population size during 2025.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) conducts targeted, intelligence-driven enforcement operations focused on criminal activity related to the sale of counterfeit goods.
October 21, 2025
high
procedural
General description of an enforcement approach used by ICE and related federal partners against counterfeit merchandise sales.
Federal magistrate judges can set and modify conditions of release in federal proceedings, including imposing or lifting travel restrictions and requiring advance notification to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) as a condition of release.
October 17, 2025
high
administrative
Magistrate judges routinely oversee pretrial and release conditions in federal cases and may coordinate conditions with immigration authorities.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) maintains field offices, including a Chicago field office.
October 16, 2025
high
organizational
ICE is a federal agency responsible for immigration enforcement and maintains regional field offices to carry out operations.
U.S. Border Patrol and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) conduct deportation operations and raids as components of federal immigration enforcement.
October 16, 2025
high
operational
Both agencies carry out enforcement actions including arrests and deportation-related operations.
Conditions of release in U.S. immigration cases can include requirements that released individuals notify U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) in advance of travel.
October 16, 2025
high
procedural
Supervisory release or bond conditions in immigration matters commonly impose travel-notification obligations.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) states that its officers act in accordance with law and agency policy.
October 14, 2025
high
temporal
Official position frequently cited in reporting about enforcement tactics.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has a policy of not conducting operations at sensitive locations, such as public events, unless there are exigent circumstances.
October 12, 2025
high
policy
ICE operational policy regarding enforcement at sensitive locations and public events.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) engages with foreign governments to secure acceptance and arrange logistical details for deportations.
October 10, 2025
high
procedural
Describes a general operational role of ICE in coordinating with other countries to effect removals.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operates immigrant processing centers and other enforcement facilities in U.S. cities.
October 09, 2025
high
general
ICE is the Department of Homeland Security component responsible for immigration enforcement operations, which include maintaining local facilities.
Federal agencies can acquire or operate local buildings in U.S. cities for immigration enforcement activities and may implement hardened security measures at federal facilities to protect personnel and property.
October 09, 2025
high
process
Federal operations can involve using or purchasing local facilities and applying security upgrades at federal sites to safeguard staff and assets.
Local governments can declare a state of emergency in response to federal immigration enforcement operations and use such declarations to provide rent relief and legal aid and to direct county departments to take emergency actions to protect and stabilize affected communities.
October 09, 2025
high
procedural
Describes administrative powers and uses of local emergency declarations in the context of federal immigration enforcement.
In 2025, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement offered recruitment incentives for new deportation officer hires, including bonuses of up to $50,000 and tuition reimbursement.
October 06, 2025
high
temporal
Recruitment incentives used to attract candidates to federal immigration enforcement roles.
Reported federal immigration enforcement operations in U.S. cities have included tactics such as deploying tear gas on city streets without warning, conducting predawn apartment raids, and restraining individuals at medical facilities.
October 06, 2025
high
temporal
Descriptions of tactics used by federal immigration agents during urban enforcement actions.
A 'sanctuary jurisdiction' is a term that generally refers to a city or state that limits its cooperation with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
October 06, 2025
high
definition
Clarifies common usage of the term 'sanctuary jurisdiction' in discussions of local-federal immigration cooperation.
In 2025, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) launched a $30 billion initiative to hire approximately 10,000 additional deportation officers.
October 06, 2025
high
policy
Describes ICE staffing and enforcement expansion goals announced during 2025.
In 2025, the Trump administration sought $76.5 billion in funding for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), an amount described as roughly a tenfold increase over ICE's prior budget.
October 06, 2025
high
financial
Characterizes the scale of the 2025 federal funding request for ICE relative to its earlier budget.
Federal law enforcement agencies that have been deployed in response to protests or public-safety incidents in Portland include the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the U.S. Border Patrol, and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
October 06, 2025
high
structural
Names of federal agencies involved in protest- or crowd-control operations in Portland.
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) stated that U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) does not arrest or deport U.S. citizens, and that any U.S. citizens arrested in the course of ICE operations are arrested for obstructing or assaulting law enforcement.
October 03, 2025
high
temporal
This summarizes DHS's stated enforcement policy regarding ICE actions and U.S. citizens.
The 2025 Fox News Poll found New York City registered voters named crime (25%), the cost of living (20%), and housing (16%) as the top problems facing the city, and found 66% of respondents said U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is too aggressive in its deportation efforts in their city.
October 01, 2025
high
statistical
Issue prioritization and attitudes toward ICE reported in a Fox News Poll of New York City voters.
Photos of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) raids are commonly taken from the back to conceal federal agents' identities to reduce the risk of targeted violence against agents and their families.
September 23, 2025
high
procedural
Describes a common operational practice for ICE during raids intended to protect agent identities and their families.
A 2025 analysis by Harvard University researchers and Physicians for Human Rights found that nearly 14,000 people were placed in solitary confinement in U.S. immigrant detention centers between April 1, 2024 and August 31, 2025.
August 31, 2025
high
temporal
Aggregate count of solitary confinement placements reported in ICE detention data as analyzed by the 2025 study.
The 2025 analysis noted that ICE detention data collections are typically incomplete, which likely results in an undercount of solitary confinement placements.
May 31, 2025
high
temporal
Methodological caveat reported by the analysts about the reliability and completeness of ICE-provided data.
A 2025 report found that detainees labeled as "vulnerable," including people with mental health issues, comprised about 20% of detainees between April 2024 and May 2025 and were placed in solitary confinement for an average of 38 days during JanuaryāMarch 2025.
March 31, 2025
high
temporal
"Vulnerable" is a classification used in the report to identify detainees with characteristics such as mental health conditions; the 38-day figure refers to the first three months of 2025.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has an Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) component that conducts arrests and removals of noncitizens suspected of criminal activity.
November 12, 2024
high
organizational
Describes the role and function of ICE's ERO component in immigration enforcement and removal.
ICE enforcement actions commonly target noncitizens with convictions or allegations for a range of offenses including sex offenses, child sexual offenses, murder, gang membership, driving while intoxicated, aggravated assault, weapons offenses, burglary, kidnapping, drug-related offenses, human trafficking, terroristic threats, prostitution, bribery, and illegal reentry.
November 12, 2024
high
categorical
Lists offense types that ICE enforcement operations commonly involve or prioritize for arrest and removal.
The Biden administration's stated immigration enforcement priorities generally deprioritize low-level or misdemeanor offenses, which can result in ICE not pursuing detainers following misdemeanor arrests such as DUI.
October 31, 2024
high
temporal
Federal enforcement priority guidance that focuses resources on higher-priority immigration cases rather than low-level misdemeanors.
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security reported that in fiscal year 2024 there were approximately 330,000 ICE removals and approximately 447,600 CBP returns.
September 30, 2024
high
temporal
DHS publishes enforcement counts broken out by removals (ICE) and returns (CBP) in its statistics database for fiscal years.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) reported that roughly 70% of individuals arrested by ICE in fiscal year 2024 had been charged with or convicted of crimes in the United States, with offenses ranging from homicide and assault to drug trafficking and driving under the influence (DUI).
September 30, 2024
high
temporal
Statistical summary of ICE arrest population for fiscal year 2024 as reported by ICE.
As of 2024, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can issue detainers for undocumented noncitizens and may assume custody of those individuals following completion of state prison sentences for further immigration proceedings.
January 01, 2024
high
temporal
Describes the typical ICE practice of issuing detainers and taking custody after a state sentence is served.
As of 2024, a 'sanctuary state' policy generally prohibits state or local law enforcement from assisting U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) with immigration enforcement actions, such as complying with ICE detainers.
January 01, 2024
high
temporal
Defines the practical effect commonly associated with policies labeled as 'sanctuary' at the state level.
U.S. deportation and removal activity is commonly measured using U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) 'removals' and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) 'returns' as distinct enforcement metrics.
January 01, 2024
high
temporal
Removals generally refer to formal deportations managed by ICE, while returns typically refer to expedited returns at the border processed by CBP.
A 2022 consent decree prohibits U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) from arresting people without a warrant or without probable cause.
January 01, 2022
high
legal
Court-issued consent decrees can impose operational limits on federal immigration enforcement actions.
In 2022, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) published documents outlining partnerships between U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) with private companies Venntel and Babel Street that provided realātime cell phone location data, and an Inspector General report said the agencies' use of that location data violated the agencies' privacy policies.
January 01, 2022
high
temporal
Oversight and reporting on government use of commercial cellphone location data.
The 2022 CastaƱon Nava Consent Decree limits U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) from making arrests based solely on a fear that a suspect might escape before a warrant can be obtained.
January 01, 2022
high
legal
A court-issued consent decree setting limits on ICE arrest practices.
The 2025 report documented that the average duration of solitary confinement for detainees labeled as "vulnerable" was 14 days in 2021.
December 31, 2021
high
temporal
Historical comparison provided in the 2025 analysis to illustrate changes in duration over time.
Assistant Secretary Tricia McLaughlin reported that, since January 20, 2017, there were 99 vehicle attacks against Department of Homeland Security law enforcement, a 1,000% increase in assaults against DHS law enforcement, and an 8,000% increase in death threats directed at ICE officers.
January 20, 2017
high
temporal
Aggregate figures and percentage changes cited by a DHS official to summarize trends in assaults and threats against DHS personnel.
Thirty-two deaths were recorded in U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) custody in 2004.
December 31, 2004
high
temporal
Historical count of deaths in ICE custody used for multi-year comparison.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is a federal agency within the Department of Homeland Security responsible for immigration enforcement, detention, and removal operations in the United States.
March 01, 2003
high
organizational
ICE is the primary federal agency charged with civil immigration enforcement and detention operations.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is the federal agency responsible for apprehending and detaining people suspected of being undocumented immigrants in the United States.
high
operational
Describes the role of ICE in immigration enforcement.
Immigration enforcement by ICE has included detaining individuals suspected of being undocumented who do not have criminal records.
medium
observational
Reported pattern in immigration enforcement actions.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is an agency within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
high
organizational
Organizational relationship between federal agencies
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) conduct enforcement operations that target noncitizens with criminal convictions, including offenses such as drug trafficking, unlawful re-entry, driving under the influence, and violent offenses.
high
general
Typical types of criminal convictions cited in immigration enforcement operations.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can enter 287(g) agreements with state and local law enforcement agencies to delegate certain immigration enforcement authorities and enable participating agencies to receive specified federal reimbursement funds.
high
procedural
The 287(g) program is a formal mechanism for cooperation between federal immigration authorities and state/local law enforcement.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) routinely performs immigration-status checks using federal records on foreign-born individuals identified or encountered by other law enforcement agencies.
high
procedural
ICE uses federal records and information-sharing with partner agencies to verify immigration status of noncitizens encountered during law enforcement activities.
ICE arrest records in publicly available datasets such as the Deportation Data Project often do not include precise location information for where arrests occurred.
high
data
Describes a limitation of ICE arrest datasets that complicates identifying the physical location of arrests.
Analysts can estimate which arrests occurred in immigration courts by cross-referencing ICE arrest records (for example, the Deportation Data Project) with immigration court hearing records from the Executive Office for Immigration Review and matching dates, places, and demographic information to identify arrests likely made on the same day as a court hearing.
high
methodological
Describes a reproducible method for inferring courthouse arrests when arrest records lack precise location data.
Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) is a component of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
high
organizational
ERO is an operational unit within ICE that conducts immigration enforcement and removal activities.
Phone apps exist that allow users to flag or report sightings of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents.
high
temporal
Mobile tools used to crowdsource locations or sightings of government immigration agents
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) maintains regional field offices such as ICE Boston.
high
organizational
Reporting referenced ICE Boston officers as part of an enforcement action.
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security stated that Mexican gangs have offered bounties of up to $50,000 for the assassination of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents in the United States.
high
general
DHS reporting on threats and bounties directed at immigration enforcement personnel
Enforcement and Removal Operations is the deportation branch of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
high
organizational
Identifies the ICE component responsible for deportation operations.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Enforcement and Removal Operations states that it prioritizes arresting noncitizens who have committed crimes but will also arrest noncitizens present in the United States without authorization regardless of criminal history.
high
policy
Describes ICE's stated enforcement priorities and its position on arresting immigration violators.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operates an online detainee locator system that provides information about detainees and their current detention facilities.
high
operational
Describes an ICE public-facing tool used to view detainee custody locations.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and other Department of Homeland Security components procure privateāsector surveillance technologies including facial recognition algorithms, irisābased biometric identification systems that promise realātime identification from eye photos, remote smartphone data extraction software, and platforms that integrate realātime smartphone location data.
high
temporal
Types of commercial surveillance capabilities government agencies purchase from private vendors.
Kristi Noem stated that 70% of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) arrests are of noncitizens who have been convicted or charged with a crime in the United States.
medium
statistical
Quoted percentage claim about the composition of ICE arrests as reported in the article.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can issue detainers to local jails or prisons in order to assume custody of noncitizens who are in state or local custody.
high
procedural
Describes a standard enforcement procedure whereby ICE requests custody of detained noncitizens from local authorities.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) investigates cross-border firearms smuggling and can arrest and refer suspects for federal prosecution.
high
organizational
HSI is the ICE component responsible for investigating transnational criminal activity, including illicit weapons trafficking.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can lodge immigration detainers against noncitizens following arrests by state or local law enforcement.
high
procedural
ICE uses detainers to request that custody-holding agencies notify ICE before releasing an individual so ICE can take custody for immigration enforcement purposes.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operates 25 field offices across the United States.
high
temporal
Organizational structure of ICE field operations.
ICE typically conducts targeted arrests that focus on specific individuals and generally require surveillance and planning.
high
temporal
Describes typical enforcement tactics attributed to ICE.
Illinois has sanctuary policies that can lead local officials to refuse cooperation with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detainer requests.
high
policy
Sanctuary policies are municipal or state-level rules that limit cooperation with federal immigration enforcement requests such as ICE detainers.
Some U.S. county sheriff's offices, including the Fairfax County Sheriff's Office in Virginia, state that they will not maintain custody of a person solely on the basis of an ICE immigration detainer if there is no judicial warrant on file.
high
procedural
Describes a common local-jail practice regarding honoring ICE detainer requests when a judicial warrant is not present.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operates a Broadview Service Staging Area (Broadview ICE processing center) in suburban Chicago.
high
institutional
Identifies a named ICE facility and its general location.
ICE's Enforcement and Removal Operations (ERO) can issue immigration detainers to local jails to request that individuals be transferred to ICE custody when they are released from local detention.
high
procedural
Describes a standard mechanism used by ICE to secure custody of individuals from local detention facilities
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) operates immigration processing centers and detention facilities in which people may be held pending immigration proceedings.
high
institutional
Describes the role of ICE as an agency that detains individuals in processing centers and detention facilities.
Civil rights lawsuits can be filed in federal court to challenge alleged unlawful use of force or other constitutional violations by immigration enforcement agencies and their officials.
high
descriptive
Individuals, journalists, and organizations may pursue civil litigation against federal agencies or officers for alleged rights violations during enforcement operations.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has stated that 70% of ICE arrests are of noncitizens who are charged with or convicted of crimes in the United States.
high
statistical
Reported percentage describing the criminal charging/conviction status of individuals arrested by ICE.
Illegal reentry into the United States after deportation can be referred for federal prosecution as the federal offense of unlawful reentry.
high
legal
General legal consequence referenced when individuals reenter the U.S. after prior removal.
The U.S. Federal Protective Service performs security and policing duties at federal facilities and may guard access points at facilities used by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
high
organizational
Role of the Federal Protective Service in securing federal properties, including those associated with immigration enforcement.
U.S. Border Patrol is a separate federal agency from U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
high
organizational
Clarifies that Border Patrol and ICE are distinct federal law enforcement organizations.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is responsible for enforcing U.S. immigration laws within the nation's interior, while U.S. Border Patrol primarily operates along the nation's borders and has the ability to conduct warrantless searches within certain zones.
high
jurisdictional
Summarizes the typical operational jurisdictions and certain authorities of ICE and Border Patrol.
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) commonly operates migrant detention facilities under contracts and can repurpose previously closed prisons or carceral facilities for use as detention centers.
high
operational
Describes a recurring operational practice by ICE to secure bed space and facilities through contracting and reuse of existing prison infrastructure.
Broadview, Illinois hosts a U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) processing facility that has been a longstanding site of protests.
high
institutional
Identifies the presence of an ICE processing facility in Broadview and its history as a protest location.
North Carolina Republican lawmakers have proposed bills that would require county sheriffs to honor U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detainers and hold suspected undocumented immigrants until transfer to federal custody.
high
policy
Describes legislative proposals in North Carolina concerning local cooperation with federal immigration enforcement.
U.S. states can enter formal law-enforcement partnership agreements with federal immigration agencies such as ICE to coordinate enforcement activities.
high
temporal
States may formally partner with federal immigration authorities to support or coordinate enforcement operations.
Local and state elected officials and governments sometimes use political statements or legal actions to resist, obstruct, or limit federal immigration enforcement operations conducted by DHS components such as ICE and CBP.
high
temporal
There is a recurring pattern of political and legal pushback by subnational officials against federal immigration enforcement efforts.
Local and county governments can enter into formal partnerships with federal agencies such as U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to coordinate on immigration enforcement.
high
institutional
Intergovernmental coordination on immigration-related enforcement actions.