U.S. Census Bureau

The U.S. Census Bureau conducts field tests (for example, a planned 2026 Census Test) to develop and evaluate methods for obtaining complete and accurate population counts and demographic data.

The American Community Survey Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) provides publicly available microdata that enable measurement of economic, demographic, and housing trends across small geographic areas and small population subgroups and are used by state and local governments and researchers studying topics such as health equity and immigrant health.

Federal government shutdowns can halt the collection and public release of official statistics produced by agencies such as the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and the U.S. Census Bureau, including labor market, public health, agricultural, and demographic data.

Census operations have explored using U.S. Postal Service mail carriers to conduct or assist with in-person census interviews at field test sites.

Uncertain congressional funding and federal hiring freezes can impede the Census Bureau's ability to finalize staffing plans and recruit sufficient temporary workers for decennial census tests.

The U.S. Census Bureau reported that the share of Americans ages 65 and older increased from 12.4% in 2004 to 18.0% in 2024.

The U.S. Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (CPS) is a household sample survey covering roughly 60,000 households, and the Census Bureau advises that the CPS should not be used to determine the size of the foreign‑born population.

According to U.S. Census Bureau data, the poverty rate among seniors was 15% in 2024, up from 14% in 2023.

According to the 2020 U.S. Census, Leland, Mississippi had a population of about 4,000.