U.S. federal government shutdowns can require essential federal workers—such as air traffic controllers and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) agents—to work without pay, which can create staffing shortages and contribute to nationwide flight delays and cancellations.
November 13, 2025
high
causal
Describes a common operational consequence of federal funding lapses during government shutdowns.
During U.S. federal government shutdowns, certain transportation employees, including air traffic controllers and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officers, can be designated as essential personnel and may be required to work without pay.
October 23, 2025
high
temporal
Personnel and payroll rules that apply during U.S. federal government funding lapses.
During a U.S. federal government shutdown, employees designated as essential (examples include members of the armed forces, Transportation Security Administration agents, and federal law enforcement such as the U.S. Capitol Police) may be required to continue working without pay.
October 23, 2025
high
policy
General personnel and pay treatment during federal government shutdowns
Air traffic controllers and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) personnel are classified as essential federal workers in the United States.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Operational staffing classification for federal aviation and security personnel.
During U.S. federal government shutdowns, some federal employees continue to work but do not receive pay while the shutdown is in effect.
October 07, 2025
high
process
Describes the status of some federal employees during shutdowns who perform work without immediate compensation.
Federal employees deemed essential, such as air traffic controllers and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officers, are required to continue working during lapses in government funding and can face missed paychecks, which can lead to staffing shortages and disruptions to services like airline travel.
October 01, 2025
high
process
Typical operational and labor consequences of a government funding lapse
Identity verification at airport security checkpoints is the first step in the physical screening process and is used to support intelligence-based traveler prescreening to help identify high-risk travelers.
May 01, 2025
high
procedural
Explains the operational role of identity verification within airport security screening.
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) adopted a policy stating that male TSA officers will conduct pat-down procedures on male passengers and female TSA officers will conduct pat-down procedures on female passengers, regardless of officers' gender identity or transition status.
January 20, 2025
high
temporal
TSA pat-down assignment policy tied to passenger sex and independent of officer gender identity.
Internal Transportation Security Administration (TSA) documents stated that transgender officers would no longer serve as the TSA-required witness when a traveler elects to have a pat-down conducted in a private screening area.
January 20, 2025
high
temporal
Change to the role of TSA-required witness during private-area pat-down screenings.
During a U.S. federal government shutdown, air traffic controllers and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) workers are designated essential employees and are required to continue working even if their pay is delayed until funding is restored.
November 02, 2023
high
temporal
Federal staffing rules during funding lapses require certain safety-critical workers to remain on duty without pay until appropriations are passed.
Extended U.S. federal government shutdowns increase the likelihood of flight delays and longer security checkpoint wait times due to staffing and operational disruptions.
November 02, 2023
medium
temporal
Prolonged funding lapses can cause delayed pay for essential transportation workers, which can degrade operational capacity and throughput.
A 2021 Transportation Security Administration (TSA) management directive assigned screening work consistent with officers' gender identity.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
Prior TSA management directive governing assignment of screening duties by gender identity.
Federal rules designate Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officers as essential employees who must continue reporting to work during lapses in federal funding.
high
temporal
Status of TSA officers under federal continuity rules during government funding gaps.
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is an agency within the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).
high
organizational
Describes U.S. federal agency organizational structure.
Federal government shutdowns can cause federal employees to be furloughed and can interrupt pay for federal workers and service members when appropriations lapse.
high
operational
Consequence of lapses in appropriations during funding gaps
A federal government shutdown can halt pay for federal employees and disrupt services provided by troops, air traffic controllers, Transportation Security Administration (TSA) agents, and Border Patrol officials.
high
impact
Typical operational and workforce impacts resulting from lapses in federal appropriations.
A federal government shutdown can cause some federal employees, including air traffic controllers and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) agents, to miss paychecks until appropriations are restored.
high
operational
Impact of lapses in federal appropriations on payroll for certain federal workers
Transportation Security Administration (TSA) agents and air traffic controllers are aviation-sector federal workers whose staffing levels directly affect airport security screening throughput and air traffic operations.
high
role
Describes the operational roles of TSA agents and air traffic controllers in aviation.
The U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA) advises air travelers to arrive at airport security checkpoints two hours before a domestic flight and three hours before an international flight.
high
temporal
Standard TSA guidance for recommended arrival times before flights.
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) maintains a national deployment office that can reassign TSA personnel to assist airports experiencing higher staff callout rates or localized operational strains.
high
organizational
TSA operational mechanism for reallocating personnel to address staffing shortages at specific airports.
Staffing shortages among aviation-related federal personnel, including air traffic controllers and Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officers, can contribute to increased flight cancellations and delays.
high
temporal
Explains a general link between federal staffing levels and air travel disruptions.
The U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA) inspects airline passengers before they board flights.
high
procedural
TSA passenger screening is part of airport security and boarding procedures in the United States.
Airport passenger screening systems used by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) include X-ray scanners and Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) equipment to detect prohibited items.
high
technical
Types of scanning equipment commonly cited as part of TSA screening technology.