A 2025 KFF estimate projected that roughly 22 million people who relied on premium tax credits could see their Affordable Care Act plan costs more than double in 2026 if those premium tax credits expire.
January 01, 2026
high
temporal
Projected impact on consumers if ACA premium tax credits expire.
Enhanced Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) subsidies that were expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic are scheduled to expire at the end of 2025 unless Congress takes legislative action.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
Refers to pandemic-era increases in subsidies under the Affordable Care Act and their scheduled expiration absent congressional extension.
Enhanced Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium subsidies are scheduled to expire at the end of 2025 unless Congress enacts legislation to extend them.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
Temporary increases to ACA subsidies require congressional action to continue beyond their scheduled expiration.
The temporary expansion of eligibility for the Affordable Care Act's enhanced premium tax credits is scheduled to expire at the end of 2025.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
The expanded subsidy eligibility included a sunset provision with a specified end date.
Expanded Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium subsidies are scheduled to expire in December 2025 unless Congress acts to extend them.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
Policy timeline for temporary ACA subsidy expansions that affect health insurance premiums.
Enhanced premium subsidies (premium tax credits) for Affordable Care Act plans were expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic and were scheduled to expire at the end of 2025 (December 31, 2025).
December 31, 2025
high
policy
Temporary expansion of ACA premium assistance enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic with a scheduled expiration date.
Enhancements to Affordable Care Act (ACA) subsidies implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic were scheduled to expire in 2025 unless Congress acted to extend them.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
Pandemic-era increases to ACA financial assistance were temporary and subject to legislative extension
Enhanced premium subsidies for Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace plans that were implemented during the Biden administration were scheduled to expire at the end of 2025 (December 31, 2025) absent further legislative action.
December 31, 2025
high
policy
Premium tax credit enhancements increase subsidies for some enrollees in ACA marketplace plans and were implemented by the Biden administration; expiration would affect premiums for subsidy recipients.
Enhanced Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium subsidies that were enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic are scheduled to expire on 2025-12-31 unless Congress acts to extend them.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
These pandemic-era subsidy increases affect health insurance premium assistance under the ACA and require congressional action to continue beyond 2025.
COVID-era expansions of Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) premium tax credits were scheduled to expire at the end of 2025.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
The COVID-era policy increased premium tax credits that lower health insurance premiums; those expanded credits were set to phase out at year-end 2025.
The COVID-era Affordable Care Act subsidies enacted in 2021 were scheduled to sunset at the end of 2025.
December 31, 2025
high
temporal
Indicates the scheduled expiration timeline for the temporary ACA subsidies.
As of 2025, approximately 24 million people were enrolled through Affordable Care Act (ACA) insurance exchanges.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
Enrollment magnitude for ACA marketplace exchanges.
Premium tax credits for Affordable Care Act marketplace enrollees can be applied on a monthly basis to reduce out‑of‑pocket premium costs.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
Mechanism for how ACA premium assistance is delivered to enrollees.
Expanded federal subsidies introduced during the COVID‑19 pandemic reduced premiums for enrollees in Affordable Care Act marketplaces.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
Policy change during the COVID‑19 period that affected ACA marketplace premiums.
About 24 million Americans were enrolled in Affordable Care Act marketplace premium subsidy programs in 2025.
November 16, 2025
high
temporal
Aggregate enrollment estimate for ACA marketplace premium subsidy recipients.
About one-third of premium tax credit funding does not directly reduce enrollees' monthly insurance premiums.
November 16, 2025
medium
temporal
Claim regarding the share of premium tax credit funds that reach consumer premiums versus other uses.
A 2025 policy proposal sought a two-year extension of enhanced Affordable Care Act premium tax credits with an income phase-out for people earning between $200,000 and $400,000.
November 16, 2025
high
temporal
Description of a legislative proposal to extend and target ACA premium tax credits by income.
About 22 million Americans who buy health insurance through the Affordable Care Act marketplaces receive premium tax credits.
November 14, 2025
high
temporal
Scale of ACA marketplace subsidy recipients.
Lower-premium 'bronze' plans sold on Affordable Care Act marketplaces often have high deductibles, and some marketplace plans have deductibles reaching approximately $6,000 in out-of-pocket costs.
November 14, 2025
high
temporal
Characteristics of ACA marketplace plan tiers and typical out-of-pocket deductible levels.
COVID-era tax credits implemented under the Affordable Care Act help tens of millions of Americans afford their health insurance premiums.
November 13, 2025
high
temporal
Subsidies introduced during the COVID period that reduce premium costs for consumers.
An estimated 24 million people receive health coverage through the insurance exchanges created by the Affordable Care Act.
November 13, 2025
high
temporal
Population estimate of individuals enrolled in ACA-created insurance exchanges.
Premium tax credits under the Affordable Care Act reduce health-insurance premiums for people who receive them, and expiration of those subsidies can cause steep premium increases for those relying on the subsidies.
November 12, 2025
high
policy
Role and effect of ACA premium tax credits on insurance affordability
An enhanced premium tax credit reduces the cost of health insurance purchased through Affordable Care Act marketplaces.
November 12, 2025
high
descriptive
Describes the purpose and effect of the enhanced premium tax credit related to ACA marketplace coverage.
The enhanced premium tax credit for Affordable Care Act marketplaces was expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic response and was subsequently increased again through legislation enacted under President Joe Biden.
November 12, 2025
high
descriptive
Summarizes the timing and policy actions that expanded the enhanced premium tax credit.
The Affordable Care Act includes premium subsidies for people who purchase health insurance through the ACA marketplace.
November 12, 2025
high
definitional
The ACA marketplace offers subsidized premiums to lower the cost of health insurance for eligible enrollees.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare, includes subsidies that reduce health insurance costs for millions of Americans.
November 12, 2025
high
temporal
General description of ACA subsidies and their purpose
The Affordable Care Act provides premium tax credits to help eligible individuals and families pay health insurance premiums for coverage obtained through the law's marketplaces.
November 10, 2025
high
temporal
Premium tax credits under the ACA reduce out‑of‑pocket premium costs for people who qualify based on income and other eligibility rules.
Health care tax credits under the Affordable Care Act subsidize insurance premiums to help people purchase health insurance through state health insurance exchanges.
November 10, 2025
high
definition
Describes the function of ACA marketplace premium tax credits.
The Affordable Care Act provides subsidies (premium tax credits) for health insurance plans to help reduce consumers' costs.
November 10, 2025
high
temporal
Describes a core, enduring feature of the federal health insurance law.
A 2025 analysis by the Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF) estimated that if enhanced Affordable Care Act premium tax credits expire, the average premium cost for subsidized enrollees would more than double.
November 10, 2025
high
temporal
Quantitative estimate of the effect on average premiums for marketplace enrollees if enhanced subsidies are allowed to lapse.
The 2025 KFF analysis indicated that expiration of enhanced Affordable Care Act premium tax credits would disproportionately drive large absolute premium increases for a relatively small number of higher-earning marketplace enrollees while producing smaller increases for a larger number of lower-earning enrollees.
November 10, 2025
high
temporal
Distributional impact on marketplace enrollees by income level if enhanced subsidies expire.
Congressional leaders can schedule floor votes to consider extending or modifying Affordable Care Act (ACA) subsidies.
November 10, 2025
high
temporal
Leaders control the floor schedule and can bring policy items such as ACA subsidy changes up for a vote.
Enhanced premium subsidies (premium tax credits) under the Affordable Care Act make coverage more affordable for people enrolled through ACA marketplaces (exchanges).
November 09, 2025
high
policy
Premium tax credits reduce out-of-pocket insurance premiums for enrollees in ACA exchanges.
If enhanced Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace subsidies lapse, average premiums for ACA marketplace enrollees are projected to more than double in the following year.
November 09, 2025
high
statistical
Projected premium change for ACA marketplace enrollees contingent on expiration of enhanced subsidies.
The Affordable Care Act includes tax credits (premium subsidies) for health insurance that Congress can extend or modify through legislation.
November 09, 2025
high
policy
Describes the ACA's premium tax credits and that their continuation depends on congressional action.
The Affordable Care Act includes premium tax credits (often called subsidies) that reduce health insurance costs for eligible individuals.
November 08, 2025
high
policy
Mechanism within the ACA to make premiums more affordable.
COVID-19-era premium tax credits were implemented to subsidize Affordable Care Act premiums during the COVID-19 period.
November 08, 2025
high
policy
Temporary adjustments to ACA premium subsidies enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Legislative negotiations can decouple government funding from specific policy changes by using one bill to reopen the government and scheduling a separate, later vote on issues such as extending expiring Affordable Care Act (ACA) subsidies.
November 07, 2025
high
legislative
Describes a common negotiation strategy in Congress to separate funding votes from policy votes.
The Affordable Care Act includes tax credits intended to improve health care affordability, and those tax credits can be structured with expiration dates.
November 07, 2025
high
temporal
Premium or other tax credits under the Affordable Care Act are policy levers used to affect health insurance affordability and can be extended or allowed to expire by subsequent legislation.
Researchers estimated that if premium subsidies for Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace plans expire, the average cost of insurance purchased through the health insurance marketplace would roughly double and millions of people could become uninsured.
November 06, 2025
medium
temporal
Projected effects of allowing ACA premium subsidies for marketplace plans to expire.
Nancy Pelosi played a key role in the legislative passage of the Affordable Care Act.
November 06, 2025
high
policy
Involvement of a congressional leader in major federal health-care legislation.
Nancy Pelosi, as a House Democratic leader, helped secure passage of major federal legislation including the Affordable Care Act (2010) and the Inflation Reduction Act (2022).
November 06, 2025
high
temporal
Examples of significant legislation enacted with leadership by House Democrats during Pelosi's tenure as a party leader.
The Affordable Care Act's health insurance marketplaces have an open enrollment period during which insurers' plan options and premiums become visible to consumers.
November 04, 2025
high
descriptive
How ACA marketplace enrollment and plan pricing are made available to consumers
Some House Republicans on the right flank oppose extending Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium subsidies because they view such extensions as implicitly endorsing the ACA.
November 04, 2025
high
political
Describes a commonly stated rationale among some House Republicans for opposing subsidy extensions.
Bipartisan congressional negotiations sometimes produce agreements that include only a promise to hold a vote on extending policy provisions such as ACA subsidies, rather than embedding written extensions in enacted legislation.
November 04, 2025
high
legislative_process
General description of a negotiation outcome where a future vote is promised instead of immediate statutory language.
The annual open enrollment period for ACA health insurance marketplaces typically begins in early November.
November 02, 2025
high
procedural
Open enrollment is the designated period each year when individuals can sign up for or change coverage on ACA marketplace plans.
Open enrollment for Affordable Care Act marketplace plans in most U.S. states begins on November 1 each year.
November 01, 2025
high
temporal
Annual start date for ACA marketplace open enrollment windows in most states.
The Affordable Care Act's annual open enrollment period for marketplace health plans typically begins on November 1.
November 01, 2025
high
procedural
Standard annual schedule for the federal ACA marketplace open enrollment window.
In most U.S. states, health insurers typically send notices of premium changes for Affordable Care Act marketplace plans on or before November 1 ahead of the upcoming plan year.
November 01, 2025
high
procedural
Insurer notices inform enrollees and potential enrollees of upcoming premium and plan changes before open enrollment begins.
Annual open enrollment for the federal Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace begins on November 1 (in 2025, the period began on 2025-11-01).
November 01, 2025
high
temporal
Scheduled annual enrollment period for ACA marketplace coverage.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is commonly known as Obamacare.
November 01, 2025
high
definition
Common alternative name for the federal healthcare law.
The annual open enrollment period for Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace plans typically begins on November 1.
November 01, 2025
high
temporal
Start date for the yearly enrollment window for ACA marketplace coverage.
A 2025 analysis by KFF found that insurers were proposing to raise monthly premiums for Affordable Care Act marketplace coverage by an average of 26% across the United States.
October 30, 2025
high
temporal
KFF published an analysis of proposed insurer rate changes for upcoming ACA marketplace plan years.
A 2025 KFF calculation estimated that monthly premiums would increase an average of 114% for marketplace coverage if enhanced pandemic-era premium tax credits were allowed to expire.
October 30, 2025
high
temporal
KFF modeled premium outcomes with and without the temporary enhanced premium tax credits enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic.
As of 2025-10-29, more than 24 million Americans rely on the Affordable Care Act (ACA) for health insurance.
October 29, 2025
high
temporal
Baseline enrollment figure for ACA coverage reported in late 2025.
The Affordable Care Act established a Health Insurance Marketplace that uses an annual open enrollment period for consumers to purchase health plans.
October 23, 2025
high
procedural
Structure and timing mechanism for purchasing ACA marketplace coverage
As of 2025, nearly 24 million people received health insurance through subsidized Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplaces, according to the health-care research nonprofit KFF.
October 16, 2025
high
statistical
KFF is a health-care research nonprofit; 'subsidized marketplaces' refers to ACA exchange plans that receive premium tax credits.
Health insurance plans sold on Affordable Care Act (ACA) exchanges can include abortion coverage when state laws or separate billing arrangements permit such coverage despite federal funding restrictions.
October 15, 2025
high
policy
Interaction between federal funding restrictions and state-level or plan-level mechanisms that allow abortion coverage on ACA exchange plans.
A 2025 Kaiser Family Foundation estimate projected that monthly insurance costs for people buying coverage on the Affordable Care Act marketplaces would double if federal subsidy payments were not renewed.
October 13, 2025
high
statistical
Estimate of the potential impact on premiums if ACA marketplace subsidies lapse.
A 2025 KFF analysis of insurers' 2026 rate filings estimated that average premium payments by Affordable Care Act marketplace enrollees would increase by about 114% if enhanced premium tax credits expired.
October 12, 2025
high
statistical
KFF analyzed insurer rate filings for 2026 to model the impact of ending enhanced ACA premium tax credits.
As of 2025, about 24 million people obtain health coverage through the Affordable Care Act marketplaces.
October 12, 2025
high
statistical
Enrollment scale for ACA marketplace coverage (commonly called exchanges).
A 2025 KFF poll found that 78% of the public, including majorities of Democrats, independents, and Republicans, supported Congress extending enhanced Affordable Care Act premium tax credits beyond 2025.
October 12, 2025
high
statistical
Public opinion polling on extending enhanced ACA premium tax credits.
Expiration of federal premium subsidies under the Affordable Care Act is expected to increase monthly health insurance costs for millions of people.
October 12, 2025
high
temporal
Describes the projected effect of ending federal ACA premium subsidy payments on insurance costs.
Federal subsidies in the form of tax credits for Affordable Care Act marketplace plans reduce premiums for enrollees, and the absence or expiration of those subsidies can lead to substantially higher premiums for people buying coverage on those marketplaces.
October 09, 2025
high
policy
Explains the causal relationship between ACA marketplace tax-credit subsidies and premium levels for enrollees.
Over 20 million people use Affordable Care Act (ACA) subsidies to make their health insurance more affordable.
October 08, 2025
high
temporal
Describes the scale of ACA premium subsidy usage.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), often called Obamacare, includes premium tax credits (subsidies) that lower health insurance premiums for people who purchase coverage through health insurance marketplaces.
October 08, 2025
high
definition
Describes the role of premium tax credits within the ACA marketplace framework.
Open enrollment for the federal ACA health insurance marketplaces typically begins on November 1 each year.
October 08, 2025
high
temporal
States the common annual start date for ACA marketplace open enrollment.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) establishes premium tax credits (commonly referred to as ObamaCare subsidies) that affect health insurance premiums and can be extended by Congress on a temporary or permanent basis.
October 08, 2025
high
policy
Explains that ACA premium tax credits are a legislative policy lever subject to congressional extension.
Extending premium tax credits under the Affordable Care Act can prevent increases in health insurance premiums and help avert coverage losses compared with allowing those credits to expire.
October 08, 2025
high
policy
States the typical policy effect of maintaining versus allowing expiration of ACA premium tax credits.
In 2025, roughly 24 million people were enrolled in Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace coverage in the United States.
October 07, 2025
high
statistical
Aggregate enrollment size for ACA marketplace plans reported during the 2025 open enrollment period.
A 2025 KFF analysis found that 80% of all Affordable Care Act premium tax credits benefited enrollees in states that Donald Trump won.
October 07, 2025
high
statistical
Distribution of ACA premium tax credit benefits across states as analyzed by KFF.
When premium tax credits are reduced or allowed to expire and premiums rise, healthier individuals are more likely to drop marketplace coverage, which can worsen the insured risk pool and prompt further premium increases (adverse selection effect).
October 07, 2025
high
process
General insurance market dynamic linking subsidy changes to enrollee composition and premium pressure.
People who are in the United States illegally are generally ineligible to enroll in Medicaid or Medicare and are not eligible to purchase health insurance through the Affordable Care Act marketplace.
October 07, 2025
high
policy
Federal eligibility rules for major public insurance programs and the ACA marketplace.
Federal subsidies totaling billions of dollars have increased the affordability of Affordable Care Act marketplace plans for many enrollees.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Subsidies reduce net premiums and have materially affected enrollment affordability in ACA marketplaces.
Expiration of enhanced Affordable Care Act subsidies can lead to premium increases for people enrolled in ACA marketplace plans.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
When temporary or enhanced subsidies end, enrollees' out-of-pocket premium costs can rise unless replaced or extended.
As of October 7, 2025, a record 24 million people were enrolled in insurance coverage through the Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplaces.
October 07, 2025
high
temporal
Enrollment total for ACA marketplace coverage reported contemporaneously with ongoing policy debates.
Lapses in subsidies for health insurance marketplace coverage under the 2010 Affordable Care Act can cause health insurance costs to increase for people who obtain coverage through the ACA.
October 05, 2025
high
policy
Mechanism by which interruption of subsidy payments affects affordability of marketplace coverage.
U.S. federal rules prohibit undocumented immigrants from receiving federal funds for health coverage through Medicare, Medicaid, and the Affordable Care Act's premium tax credits (as of 2025-10-05).
October 05, 2025
high
policy
Federal eligibility rules determine which populations may receive federal health program funds.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) includes an annual open enrollment period during which individuals can enroll in or change marketplace health insurance plans.
October 01, 2025
high
temporal
ACA open enrollment is a recurring annual window for marketplace plan selection that affects consumer coverage options.
A 2025 Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI) American Values Survey of 5,543 U.S. adults found 62% said the country was going in the wrong direction, with 92% of Democrats, 71% of independents, and 24% of Republicans saying the country was going in the wrong direction.
September 08, 2025
high
temporal
National public‑opinion poll measuring perceptions of national direction, reported by PRRI in 2025.
A July 2025 survey by Republican pollsters Tony Fabrizio and Bob Ward found that 72% of voters across political parties supported extending enhanced Affordable Care Act premium tax credits.
July 01, 2025
high
statistical
Voter polling in competitive congressional districts regarding support for extending enhanced ACA premium tax credits.
U.S. enrollment in Affordable Care Act marketplace health insurance plans increased from about 11 million in 2020 to more than 24 million in 2025, largely driven by expanded premium tax credits.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Enrollment change in ACA marketplaces associated with expanded premium tax credits.
A 2025 Congressional Budget Office projection estimated that without Affordable Care Act premium tax credits, 3.8 million Americans would be unable to afford health insurance by 2035, including about 2.0 million Americans by 2026.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
CBO projection of the affordability impact if ACA premium tax credits were removed.
A 2025 KFF Health News analysis estimated that without Affordable Care Act premium tax credits, the average ACA marketplace premium would increase by about 114%.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Estimated percentage increase in average ACA marketplace premiums if premium tax credits were removed.
Enhanced Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium subsidy provisions that were enacted temporarily are scheduled to expire in 2025 unless Congress takes legislative action to extend them.
January 01, 2025
medium
temporal
Scheduled expiration year for temporary ACA subsidy enhancements.
COVID-era supplemental funding for Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) healthcare subsidies was scheduled to sunset in 2025.
January 01, 2025
medium
temporal
Expiration timeline for temporary subsidy provisions enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Enhanced premium subsidies under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) were scheduled to expire in 2025.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Policy timeline note referenced in discussions about legislative negotiations over government funding.
A 2025 analysis by nonprofit health research firm KFF found that the average monthly premium for a mid-level (silver) Affordable Care Act marketplace plan increased 26% in 2025 to $625 per month.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Average monthly premium for ACA mid-level (silver) plans reported by KFF.
As of 2025, roughly 24 million Americans were enrolled in Affordable Care Act marketplace plans.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Enrollment scale of ACA marketplace plans.
The enhanced Affordable Care Act premium tax credit is structured to be available to people with incomes between 100% and 400% of the federal poverty level (the 400% threshold corresponds to about $62,000 for an individual), and individuals with incomes above 400% of the federal poverty level can qualify for the tax credit if their insurance premiums exceed 8.5% of their income.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Eligibility criteria and income thresholds for ACA premium tax credits
The Inflation Reduction Act, enacted in 2022, extended the enhanced Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium tax credits through 2025.
January 01, 2022
high
policy
Legislative extension of ACA premium subsidies
Higher subsidies for Affordable Care Act marketplace plans were first implemented in 2021 as part of COVID-19 pandemic relief measures.
March 11, 2021
high
temporal
Temporary expansion of premium subsidies to lower costs for marketplace enrollees during the pandemic.
Higher premium subsidies for Affordable Care Act (ACA) marketplace plans were first implemented in 2021 as part of COVID-19-era policy changes.
March 11, 2021
high
temporal
Federal policy expansion that increased premium assistance for marketplace enrollees.
In 2021, Congress expanded subsidies for Affordable Care Act marketplace plans through the American Rescue Plan Act, increasing financial assistance for people buying individual-market coverage.
March 11, 2021
high
policy
The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 included temporary increases in premium tax credits for ACA marketplace enrollees.
The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 temporarily expanded Affordable Care Act marketplace premium tax credits so that people with incomes above 400% of the federal poverty level would not have to pay more than 8.5% of their income toward marketplace health insurance.
March 11, 2021
high
temporal
The 2021 federal COVID-19 relief law included temporary changes to premium tax credit calculations for ACA marketplaces.
Temporary enhanced premium tax credits (emergency subsidies) were provided during the COVID-19 pandemic to assist Affordable Care Act marketplace enrollees.
March 11, 2021
high
temporal
Congressional COVID-era policy changes expanded financial assistance for ACA marketplace enrollees on a temporary basis.
The American Rescue Plan Act authorized expanded Affordable Care Act premium tax credits in 2021.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
Legislative change that expanded ACA premium tax credits.
In 2021, the U.S. Congress temporarily expanded eligibility for enhanced premium tax credits under the Affordable Care Act to help people pay for health insurance amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
A legislative, temporary expansion of ACA premium subsidy eligibility tied to pandemic-era relief.
The Biden administration enhanced Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium tax credits in 2021 with the stated goal of making healthcare more available to a wider swath of Americans during the COVID-19 pandemic.
January 01, 2021
high
policy
Policy change to ACA premium subsidies during the COVID-19 pandemic
Emergency subsidies for the Affordable Care Act were enacted in 2021 as a federal response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
Describes the origin year and policy purpose of the temporary ACA subsidies.
U.S. lawmakers enacted temporary, COVID-era subsidies for the Affordable Care Act in 2021 as an emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
Describes the origin and purpose of temporary ACA subsidies enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Congress enacted federal emergency subsidies in 2021 to reduce Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) health insurance premiums as part of the COVID-19 response.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
These emergency measures expanded premium tax credits under the ACA.
Federal premium tax credits under the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) operate as subsidies that lower health insurance premium costs for eligible policyholders.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
Premium tax credits are a mechanism within the ACA to reduce out-of-pocket premium payments.
A 2021 expansion of the Affordable Care Act established enhanced premium tax credits for people purchasing health insurance through ACA marketplaces.
January 01, 2021
high
temporal
Policy change expanding subsidies for ACA marketplace enrollees.
Enhanced tax credits implemented starting in 2021 have helped millions of people enrolled in Affordable Care Act plans reduce their plan costs.
January 01, 2021
high
policy
Broad effect of expanded ACA premium tax credits that began in 2021.
Republican efforts to repeal or dismantle the Affordable Care Act during President Donald Trump’s first term failed and have been linked to Republican losses in the 2018 U.S. midterm elections.
November 06, 2018
high
temporal
Political consequences of failed repeal efforts against the ACA in the mid‑2010s.
A 2017 Republican effort to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act failed when Senator John McCain voted against the plan on 2017-07-28.
July 28, 2017
high
temporal
Historical legislative outcome related to the ACA repeal effort.
The U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) has the institutional mechanism of issuing 'special pastoral messages' under strict requirements; the USCCB previously issued such a message in 2013 raising concern about the Affordable Care Act's contraceptive coverage mandate.
January 01, 2013
high
institutional
Describes a formal USCCB communication mechanism and a prior instance (2013) addressing a national policy issue.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was enacted in 2010.
March 23, 2010
high
temporal
Foundational U.S. federal health law that established the ACA marketplaces and related insurance regulations.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law on March 23, 2010.
March 23, 2010
high
temporal
Foundational U.S. federal health care law often referred to as 'Obamacare'.
The Affordable Care Act, commonly known as Obamacare, was signed into law by President Barack Obama on 2010-03-23.
March 23, 2010
high
temporal
Legal origination date of the Affordable Care Act.
The Affordable Care Act established health insurance marketplaces that provide federal premium subsidies for plans purchased through those marketplaces.
March 23, 2010
high
policy
Core design element of the ACA used to expand insurance coverage and make premiums more affordable.
Debate over the Affordable Care Act has been a persistent source of political contention in the United States since its enactment in 2010, influencing elections, narrow congressional votes, and legislative standoffs.
March 23, 2010
high
political_trend
Describes the sustained political impact of the ACA on U.S. politics and policymaking.
The Affordable Care Act was enacted in 2010 (signed March 23, 2010).
March 23, 2010
high
temporal
Foundational law shaping U.S. health insurance policy.
The Affordable Care Act established tax credits to help consumers pay health insurance premiums and expanded health coverage to tens of millions of Americans.
March 23, 2010
high
temporal
Describes key provisions and impacts of the Affordable Care Act enacted in 2010.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA), enacted on 2010-03-23, established health insurance exchanges to enable individuals to purchase coverage.
March 23, 2010
high
temporal
Legislative background for U.S. health insurance marketplaces.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (commonly known as the Affordable Care Act or Obamacare) was enacted in 2010.
January 01, 2010
high
temporal
Establishes the federal law commonly referred to as Obamacare.
Enhanced premium tax credits under the Affordable Care Act are subsidies intended to reduce the cost of health insurance premiums for enrollees.
January 01, 2010
high
definition
Describes the purpose of ACA premium tax credits.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) includes premium tax credits, commonly referred to as 'Obamacare subsidies', that reduce consumers' health insurance premiums.
high
policy
Definition of the subsidies referenced in debates about extending them.
Some Republican lawmakers argue that extensions or the design of Affordable Care Act premium tax credits have been inflationary and have increased healthcare costs for Americans.
high
policy
Summary of a recurring Republican critique of ACA subsidy policy reflected in legislative negotiations.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is commonly referred to as "Obamacare".
high
descriptive
Terminology used for the U.S. federal health law.
Subsidies associated with the Affordable Care Act (ACA) were expanded during the COVID-19 pandemic.
high
descriptive
Policy changes to ACA-related tax subsidies implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Expiration of Affordable Care Act-related tax provisions can lead to higher health insurance premiums, and cuts to Medicaid funding can result in people losing health coverage.
medium
policy_effect
Describes common policy effects cited in debates over health-care-related budget provisions.
Open enrollment for the Affordable Care Act (ACA) health insurance marketplaces begins on November 1 each year.
high
policy
Annual schedule for enrollment in ACA marketplace health plans.
Premium tax credits created under the Affordable Care Act can be enhanced by legislation and those enhancements can be made temporary or set to expire.
high
policy
Explains that changes to tax credits within the ACA are subject to legislative action and can include time-limited provisions.
Obamacare is the informal name for the Affordable Care Act (ACA).
high
definition
Terminology / law name
Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act incorporates Title IX's prohibition against discrimination "on the basis of sex" into federal healthcare nondiscrimination protections.
high
legal
Section 1557 extends certain federal nondiscrimination protections into the context of health programs and activities covered by the ACA.
Enhanced subsidies for the Affordable Care Act (ACA) were implemented as a COVID-19 pandemic-era measure to temporarily increase premium assistance for enrollees.
high
policy
Temporary expansion of ACA premium subsidies tied to pandemic relief efforts.
COVID-19 pandemic-era legislation included temporary enhancements to Affordable Care Act (ACA) premium subsidies that were designed as time-limited measures to reduce out-of-pocket health insurance costs for enrollees.
high
temporal
Characterizes the nature of pandemic-era changes to ACA subsidy policy as temporary enhancements to premium tax credits.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides premium tax credits for people who obtain coverage through the ACA Health Insurance Marketplace to reduce monthly premiums and make coverage more affordable.
high
policy
Describes the purpose and effect of premium tax credits under the ACA.
Approximately 22 million people are eligible for Affordable Care Act premium tax credits.
high
statistical
Scale of population reached by ACA premium tax credits as cited in reporting about policy debates.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) includes premium subsidies for people who purchase health insurance through ACA marketplaces to help lower their insurance costs.
high
temporal
Description of ACA marketplace premium subsidy policy
The Affordable Care Act included enhanced premium subsidies implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic; those enhanced subsidies were temporary and require further legislation to be extended beyond their original expiration.
high
policy
Explains the temporary nature of pandemic-era subsidy increases under the Affordable Care Act and the need for legislation to continue them.
Premium tax credits and other subsidies enacted under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) can be time-limited and require congressional action to be extended beyond their statutory expiration.
high
policy
Explains the legislative nature of extending health insurance subsidies tied to the ACA.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, subsidies for health insurance under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), commonly called 'Obamacare,' were enhanced.
high
policy
Describes a policy change to ACA premium subsidies that occurred in the COVID-19 pandemic period.
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) includes premium subsidy mechanisms intended to improve health insurance affordability, and changes or temporary extensions of those subsidies require congressional or administrative action.
high
policy
Premium subsidies under the ACA affect insurance affordability and can be modified by legislation or administration policy.
The term 'enhanced tax credits' is used to describe pandemic-era expansions of Affordable Care Act premium subsidies enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic.
high
policy
Defines the phrase as used in discussions of temporary ACA subsidy expansions tied to COVID-19 relief efforts.
Health care premium tax credits under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) reduce premiums for people who purchase their own insurance on ACA marketplaces, and expiration or reduction of those credits can substantially increase premiums for millions of enrollees.
high
policy
Explains the role of ACA premium tax credits in stabilizing insurance costs for marketplace enrollees.
The Affordable Care Act (2010) established health insurance marketplaces, commonly called exchanges, through which people can obtain private health coverage.
high
descriptive
Background on the structure of the Affordable Care Act and how individuals obtain marketplace coverage.
Expiration of enhanced ACA premium tax credits can substantially increase premiums and out-of-pocket costs for people who rely on exchange plans.
high
impact
Describes the economic effect of removing enhanced premium subsidies for exchange enrollees.
The Affordable Care Act includes subsidies intended to make health insurance purchased through ACA marketplaces more affordable for many Americans.
high
descriptive
ACA marketplace premium and cost-sharing subsidies help lower consumers' out-of-pocket and premium costs.
The Affordable Care Act (commonly called Obamacare) established a baseline premium tax credit that helps individuals lower monthly health insurance premiums when purchasing marketplace plans.
high
policy
Describes a core component of U.S. marketplace health insurance subsidy policy.
The baseline premium tax credits in the Affordable Care Act were originally limited to households with incomes up to 400% of the federal poverty level.
high
policy
Describes the original eligibility cutoff for premium tax credits established by the Affordable Care Act.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, temporary premium tax credits expanded eligibility above 400% of the federal poverty level, allowing middle- and higher-income households to receive subsidies.
high
policy
Temporary, pandemic-era changes increased subsidy eligibility beyond the original ACA cutoff.
When premium tax credits fully cover plan costs, some enrollees in Affordable Care Act marketplaces can have zero-premium plans, particularly enrollees with lower incomes.
high
policy
Explains how subsidies can reduce or eliminate monthly premiums for Marketplace enrollees.