Immunization

2025 United Kingdom data indicated seasonal influenza vaccines were approximately 70%–75% protective against hospitalization in children and approximately 30%–40% protective against hospitalization in adults.

Immunity from an influenza vaccine typically begins about two weeks after vaccination.

Shared decision-making (also called individual-based decision-making) for COVID-19 vaccination requires that an individual consult a health care provider, such as a doctor or pharmacist, about the risks and benefits before receiving the vaccine.

The Vaccines for Children Program provides vaccines free to about 40% of all U.S. children.

Dorit Reiss, a vaccine policy researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, stated that shared clinical decision-making signals that a vaccine is not routinely recommended and tends to decrease vaccine uptake.

Merck stated that there were no approved U.S. monovalent single-antigen vaccines for measles, mumps, or rubella as of 2025-10-06.

Merck stated that evidence suggests use of combination vaccines for measles, mumps, and rubella improves childhood vaccination outcomes by increasing both completion (receipt of all recommended doses) and compliance (age-appropriate administration) rates.

In 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a blanket recommendation endorsing ongoing COVID-19 booster vaccinations.

Children receive a series of DTaP vaccinations beginning at 2 months of age, and adolescents and adults are recommended to receive a Tdap booster approximately every 10 years; both vaccines protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis.