Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 program aims to reduce the kingdom's dependence on oil and overhaul its economy, with a target year of 2030.
January 01, 2030
high
temporal
National economic diversification and reform initiative led by Saudi leadership
Saudi Arabia is the largest Arab economy and is the birthplace of Islam.
November 18, 2025
high
general
Geopolitical and cultural significance of Saudi Arabia in the Arab world and for Islamic heritage.
Proposals to sell advanced U.S. military aircraft such as the F-35 to Saudi Arabia raise concerns about potential Chinese access to U.S. technology and about preserving Israel's qualitative military edge.
November 18, 2025
high
general
Common security and nonproliferation concerns associated with exporting advanced U.S. weapon systems to Middle Eastern partners.
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman oversees Saudi Arabia's oil wealth.
November 18, 2025
high
descriptive
Describes the Crown Prince's role within Saudi Arabia's economy and resource management.
As of 2025, Saudi Arabia was the largest purchaser of U.S. military equipment and services.
November 18, 2025
high
temporal
Status of international arms procurement involving the United States.
Saudi Arabia has stated that it would consider joining the Abraham Accords only after there is a credible and guaranteed path to Palestinian statehood.
November 18, 2025
high
policy
Describes a stated Saudi foreign-policy condition for normalizing relations with Israel under the Abraham Accords framework.
Saudi Arabia has sought U.S. defense commitments or security guarantees as a condition for normalizing diplomatic relations with Israel.
November 13, 2025
high
policy_preference
Reported Saudi negotiation demands regarding normalization with Israel.
Saudi Arabia has insisted on an irreversible, credible, and time-bound pathway to Palestinian statehood as a condition for normalization with Israel.
November 13, 2025
high
policy_preference
Core Saudi demand referenced in diplomatic discussions about normalization with Israel.
Saudi Arabia is geographically closer to Israel than the United Arab Emirates, which implies shorter flight times from Saudi airbases to Israeli territory compared with UAE airbases.
May 13, 2025
high
geographic
Geographic proximity affects operational reach and response times for military aircraft.
A Stockholm International Peace Research Institute report covering 2020–2024 found that Saudi Arabia accounted for 12% of all U.S. weapons exports between 2020 and 2024, followed by Ukraine at 9.3% and Japan at 8.8%.
December 31, 2024
high
temporal
Share of U.S. weapons exports by destination over the 2020–2024 period, per SIPRI
U.S. intelligence agencies assessed that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman approved the October 2018 killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
October 02, 2018
high
temporal
References the U.S. intelligence community's conclusion about responsibility for Khashoggi's death.
In 2018, U.S. intelligence agencies concluded that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman ordered the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
January 01, 2018
high
finding
Summarizes the 2018 assessment by U.S. intelligence agencies regarding the Khashoggi killing.
In 2017, Saudi Arabia was the first foreign country visited by President Donald Trump during his presidency.
May 20, 2017
high
temporal
Describes the destination of President Trump's first overseas trip after taking office.
King Salman bin Abdulaziz is the head of state of Saudi Arabia and delegated his duties as ruler to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in 2017.
January 01, 2017
high
temporal
Describes the formal head-of-state and the delegation of ruling responsibilities within the Saudi monarchy.
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman consolidated his control of Saudi Arabia in 2017 following a purge of high-level government officials.
January 01, 2017
high
historical
Political consolidation in Saudi Arabia associated with a 2017 purge of senior officials.
In 1945, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt met Saudi King Abdulaziz ibn Saud and helped establish a foundational agreement linking American security guarantees to access to Saudi oil.
February 14, 1945
high
historical
Explains the historical origin of the U.S.-Saudi strategic partnership centered on security and energy.
The first meeting between a sitting U.S. President and a Saudi king occurred in 1945 between President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and King Abdul Aziz.
February 14, 1945
high
temporal
Historical milestone in U.S.–Saudi relations.
Saudi Arabia's stated condition for normalizing relations with Israel has been that such normalization be tied to tangible progress toward Palestinian statehood and include formal U.S. defense assurances as part of any broader regional deal.
medium
policy
Stated policy position reflecting prerequisites Saudi Arabia has sought for normalization with Israel.
Countries and regional groups have taken differing positions on proposals for a global maritime carbon tax, with entities such as Brazil and the European Union supporting such proposals and entities such as the United States and Saudi Arabia opposing them.
high
international_relations
Divergent national and regional interests affect international agreement-building on environmental measures for shipping.
Mohammed bin Salman is the de facto leader of Saudi Arabia.
high
status
Describes the leadership role of a named individual within a nation-state.
Jeddah is a major city in Saudi Arabia located along the Red Sea.
high
geographic
Geographic description of a Saudi city.
Saudi Arabia has conditioned normalization of diplomatic relations with Israel on Israel taking concrete, irreversible, time-bound steps toward the establishment of a Palestinian state.
high
policy
This reflects a stated Saudi diplomatic demand tied to potential normalization with Israel.
Mohammed bin Salman is the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia and is widely regarded as the kingdom's de facto ruler who manages most daily affairs of state and frequently represents Saudi Arabia in international summits and diplomatic meetings.
high
general
Describes the enduring political role and responsibilities of Saudi Arabia's crown prince.
The U.S.-Saudi diplomatic relationship is the longest-standing U.S. relationship with an Arab state.
high
descriptive
Describes the relative duration of bilateral relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia compared with other U.S.-Arab relationships.
The U.S.-Saudi relationship is central to United States national security and energy interests.
high
general
Describes the strategic importance of bilateral ties between the United States and Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Arabia is one of the United States' top partners in the Middle East region.
high
general
Describes the longstanding strategic partnership between the United States and Saudi Arabia in the region.
Mohammed bin Salman (MBS) is the crown prince of Saudi Arabia.
high
definitional
Identifies the title and common abbreviation of Saudi Arabia's de facto top heir and political leader.
Saudi officials have stated that Saudi normalization of relations with Israel is contingent on a clear path toward Palestinian statehood.
high
policy
This reflects a stated precondition by Saudi leadership for considering formal diplomatic ties with Israel.
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman is not the head of state of Saudi Arabia; King Salman bin Abdulaziz is the head of state.
high
structural
Clarifies official roles within the Saudi monarchy.
Saudi Arabia maintains a security partnership with China.
medium
geopolitical
Characterizes bilateral security ties between Saudi Arabia and China as reported in diplomatic coverage.
Humain is a Saudi government-backed artificial-intelligence venture.
high
descriptive
Organizational description of an AI venture in Saudi Arabia.