The draft framework states that if a significant, deliberate, and sustained armed attack by the Russian Federation crosses an agreed armistice line into Ukrainian territory, the President of the United States shall, after immediate consultations with Ukraine, NATO, and European partners, determine and implement measures necessary to restore security.
November 21, 2025
high
policy
Procedural commitment in the draft describing how the United States would exercise authority to respond following consultations with partners.
The Russian Federation withdrew from the U.N.-brokered Black Sea Grain Deal in 2023.
January 01, 2023
high
temporal
Political shift affecting maritime grain export arrangements involving Ukraine and international partners.
Following Russia's 2023 withdrawal from the U.N.-brokered Black Sea Grain Deal, the Danube corridor became an increasingly important part of Ukraine's export network.
January 01, 2023
high
contextual
Changes in available maritime export routes for Ukrainian agricultural and other goods.