OpenAI

In 2025, AI developers such as OpenAI and Anthropic were engaging in intertwined deals with chip makers and data center builders and spending heavily on computing infrastructure for AI startups that were not yet profitable, a pattern that raised concerns about a potential AI investment bubble.

ChatGPT is designed with built-in restrictions on certain topics, including some political issues and content that could be considered copyright infringement.

OpenAI states that it implements safeguards for sensitive conversations, including surfacing crisis hotlines, re-routing sensitive conversations to safer models, and nudging users to take breaks during long sessions.

OpenAI has announced plans to relax some content restrictions to allow verified adult users to generate erotica using its ChatGPT product.

OpenAI's Sora 2 is an artificial intelligence tool that can generate realistic, high-quality audio and video from text prompts and images.

The Sora app required new users to record a video of themselves from multiple angles and to record themselves speaking, and Sora provided a user-controlled setting called a "cameo" that allowed users to control whether others could create AI-generated videos of their likeness.

OpenAI's initial development approach for large consumer products involved training models on large volumes of copyrighted content without prior approval or payment from all rights holders and later negotiating licensing deals with some publishers.

A 2025 OpenAI internal report established a five-part framework to identify and score political bias in large language models, using the axes: user invalidation, user escalation, personal political expression, asymmetric coverage, and political refusals.

A 2025 OpenAI internal report used a dataset of approximately 500 questions spanning 100 political and cultural topics, with each question written from five ideological perspectives: conservative-charged, conservative-neutral, neutral, liberal-neutral, and liberal-charged.

A 2025 OpenAI internal report evaluated model responses by scoring each response on a scale from 0 (neutral) to 1 (highly biased) using an automated AI model to act as a grader.

A 2025 OpenAI internal report found that GPT-5 Instant and GPT-5 Thinking reduced measured political bias by roughly 30% compared to GPT-4o, and that analysis of real-world ChatGPT usage showed less than 0.01% of responses exhibited signs of political bias.

Large-scale AI data center capacity is commonly expressed in electrical power terms (gigawatts), with organizations using multi-gigawatt figures to quantify the scale of AI computing deployments.

A 2025 OpenAI report found that foreign adversaries increasingly use multiple AI models—commonly using ChatGPT to plan operations and other models to carry them out—to power hacking and influence operations.

A 2025 OpenAI report found that threat actors use ChatGPT to research and refine phishing automation and then run that automation on other models, including China-based models such as DeepSeek.

A 2025 OpenAI report found that adversaries use AI models to assist in developing malware and composing phishing emails.

A 2025 OpenAI report found that nation-state hackers and scam networks are adopting techniques to hide signs of AI-generated content, including instructing models like ChatGPT to alter punctuation to remove telltale markers.

Anthropic was founded in 2021 by Dario Amodei, Daniela Amodei, and six other former OpenAI employees.

OpenAI's ChatGPT includes image-generation capabilities and can be used to produce user-requested images.

ChatGPT's "Instant Checkout" feature allows users to request product recommendations via chat (for example, asking for the "best mattress under $1,000") and complete purchases from within the chat interface without navigating outside the app.

Sora 2 is an AI video-generation application developed by OpenAI that enables users to create hyperrealistic and fantastical videos and to include 'cameos' of people who grant permission.

Users of Sora 2 can control whether their own likeness is used in videos produced by the app.

OpenAI has indicated an intention to provide copyright owners more granular control over the generation of characters in AI-generated content.

OpenAI reported that ChatGPT had more than 800 million users.

ChatGPT Atlas is an AI-powered web browser built around ChatGPT that enables conversational interaction with web pages.

OpenAI has established partnerships with Microsoft, Nvidia, AMD, CoreWeave, Oracle, and Broadcom.

Larry Summers is a board member at OpenAI.

OpenAI is governed in part by a board of directors.

OpenAI maintains a board of directors.