The G20 operates with a rotating presidency and typically includes a ceremonial handover of the chair between the outgoing and incoming presidents at the end of a leaders' summit.
November 23, 2025
high
temporal
Describes procedural norms for G20 leaders' summits.
Declarations issued by the G20 leaders are political statements and are not legally binding.
November 23, 2025
high
temporal
Characterizes the legal status of G20 communiqués and declarations.
The 2025 G20 leaders' summit in South Africa was the first G20 summit held on the African continent.
November 23, 2025
high
temporal
Places the 2025 summit in the historical record of G20 host locations.
The G20 is an international forum composed of 20 major economies whose leaders meet at periodic G20 Leaders' Summits.
November 21, 2025
high
descriptive
Definition of the G20 as a forum of major economies and its leaders' summits.
The G20 is a bloc consisting of 19 nations, with the European Union and the African Union also participating as members.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
Describes the membership composition of the Group of 20 (G20).
South Africa was the first African country to hold the G20 rotating presidency, holding the presidency in 2025.
November 20, 2025
high
temporal
A milestone in the G20 rotating presidency history indicating the first time an African nation held the role.
G20 summits include a handover ceremony at the end of the event that formally recognizes which country will host the next year's G20.
November 20, 2025
high
procedural
Describes a recurring formal element of how G20 summits transition host responsibilities.
Governments may choose to send only a diplomatic official to a summit's handover ceremony without participating in the summit's other talks.
November 20, 2025
high
diplomatic_practice
States a diplomatic participation option for multilateral summits.
As of 2025, the United States maintained a trade surplus with Brazil, and Brazil was one of only three G20 countries with which the United States had a trade surplus.
October 09, 2025
high
statistic
Statement about the U.S.-Brazil bilateral trade balance relative to other G20 countries.
The G20 was formed in 1999 with the stated purpose of serving as a bridge between wealthier and poorer nations.
January 01, 1999
high
historical
Founding purpose and year of the G20.
The G20 is a forum that brings together 19 nations to discuss global economic stability and development.
high
organizational
Describes the composition and purpose of the G20 international forum.
The G20 Summit is held annually.
high
temporal
Describes the frequency of the G20 summit.
The G20 comprises 21 members: 19 nation members plus the European Union and the African Union.
high
structural
Organizational composition of the G20 grouping.
G20 leaders' declarations are typically adopted at the end of G20 summits.
high
procedural
Established summit practice regarding the timing of leaders' declarations.
The country holding the rotating G20 presidency sets the summit agenda.
high
procedural
Role and authority of the rotating G20 presidency in determining summit priorities.
The G20 forum comprises major national leaders and includes participation by international organizations such as the United Nations.
high
temporal
Composition and participation in G20 meetings
The G20 presidency rotates among member countries, and a ceremonial gavel handover to the next presidency is a summit tradition.
high
procedural
Summit procedure for transitioning the rotating G20 presidency between host countries.
G20 leaders' declarations are typically issued at the end of a summit.
high
procedural
Common timing practice for issuing collective G20 leaders' declarations.
G20 leaders' declarations are general, non-binding agreements among member countries rather than legally binding commitments.
high
legal
Nature and legal status of the communiqués typically issued by G20 leaders.