Federal vs. State Power

Gov. Kathy Hochul has endorsed a bill that would give New Yorkers a private right of action to sue ICE agents for alleged constitutional or other rights violations, a measure Democrats say is part of a broader response to the Minneapolis shooting of Renee Good. The proposal is one element of a multi‑state Democratic push—alongside Oregon and California bills, New Jersey sanctuary measures, and a Maryland proposal to “digitally unmask” agents—that raises novel constitutional and federal‑preemption questions courts will likely have to resolve.