Back to all stories
Extreme weather events in the US in 2019 that each exceeded US$1billion in damage
Photo: Wcalvin | CC BY-SA 4.0 | Wikimedia Commons

Severe Drought Threatens Corpus Christi Water and 5% of U.S. Gasoline Output

Years of severe drought have pushed Corpus Christi, Texas, into a water crisis that city officials warn could soon force mandatory cutbacks for residents and constrain the refineries and petrochemical plants that produce about 5% of the nation’s gasoline. The South Texas city of roughly 317,000 people, which also supplies nearby counties, has seen its key reservoirs fall to record lows after nearly seven years of largely dry conditions and never fully recovered storage from the last major drought in the early 2010s. City Manager Peter Zanoni says it is “highly unlikely” Corpus will literally run out of water but concedes that without major rain or new supplies, households will face stricter limits while big industrial users — which consume up to 60% of the water — may have to operate with less, even as Iran‑war‑related disruptions already pressure fuel markets. Officials are scrambling to drill more groundwater wells after years of delay on a recommended seawater desalination plant, whose projected $1.3 billion price tag and environmental concerns stalled construction, and residents are chafing under Stage 3 outdoor‑use bans and looming bill hikes they fear will not be shared equitably by industry. The episode exposes how decades of under‑investment in resilient water infrastructure, aggressive industrial expansion, and reliance on a single drought‑sensitive supply system can turn a regional dry spell into a national energy risk.

Water and Climate Resilience Energy Infrastructure and Fuel Markets

📌 Key Facts

  • Corpus Christi has been in a yearslong drought that has lasted most of the past seven years, leaving its main reservoirs at their lowest levels on record.
  • The city, population ~317,000 and serving nearby counties, is already in Stage 3 drought restrictions that halt many outdoor water uses and plan sharp bill increases for heavy users.
  • Refineries and petrochemical plants around Corpus Christi use as much as 60% of the city’s water and collectively produce roughly 5% of U.S. gasoline, making any industrial cutbacks a national fuel‑supply issue.
  • A proposed seawater desalination plant first recommended in 2016 stalled over cost estimates up to $1.3 billion and environmental objections, leaving officials now rushing instead to secure new groundwater.
  • After the early‑2010s drought, Corpus Christi approved a pipeline to the Colorado River that only began operating at full capacity last year, but it has not been enough to offset the prolonged lack of rain and added industrial demand.

📊 Relevant Data

As of the 2020 Census, the racial composition of Corpus Christi, Texas, is 63.8% Hispanic or Latino, 29.7% White alone (not Hispanic), 3.8% Black or African American alone, 2.4% Asian alone, with the city's population being approximately 317,863.

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Corpus Christi city, Texas — U.S. Census Bureau

Industrial users account for 70 to 80 percent of total water consumption in the Corpus Christi region, compared to the 60% mentioned in some estimates.

Corpus Christi Water Crisis and What Comes Next — Texas Policy Research

Rising temperatures due to climate change, combined with La Niña patterns, have contributed to the enduring drought in Texas and Oklahoma from 2020 to 2026, exacerbating water supply shortages.

Sixth year of drought in Texas and Oklahoma leaves ranchers facing wildfires and bracing for another tough year — The Conversation

The Port of Corpus Christi, tied to refineries and petrochemical plants, generated $88.6 billion in trade in 2024, supporting more than 800,000 jobs across Texas.

New report shows $88.6 billion Port of Corpus Christi — KIII-TV

In Texas, Black and Latino individuals experience higher rates of disruptions to public drinking water services compared to White individuals, particularly during extreme weather events like droughts or storms.

Disparities in disruptions to public drinking water services in Texas during the 2021 winter storm Uri — PLOS Water

Corpus Christi's population has been declining at a rate of -0.08% annually as of 2026, with the city population estimated at 316,833, indicating that population growth is not a primary driver of increased water demand.

Corpus Christi, Texas Population 2026 — World Population Review

📰 Source Timeline (1)

Follow how coverage of this story developed over time