December 10, 2025
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NDAA may grant Lumbee federal recognition

The House’s defense policy bill slated for a vote this week includes language to grant the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina full federal recognition, with the Senate potentially acting as soon as next week. Recognition would provide access to federal funding, the Indian Health Service and land‑into‑trust authority; President Trump championed the effort, Interior prepared a plan in April, and some tribes oppose using the NDAA as the vehicle while Lumbee leaders urge Congress to finalize their status.

Native American Policy Congress & Defense Bill

📌 Key Facts

  • House vote on NDAA expected this week; Senate could follow next week (Dec. 2025 timeline).
  • Lumbee Tribe has nearly 60,000 members; 1956 law recognized but denied federal services.
  • Trump issued an executive order directing Interior to produce a Lumbee recognition plan; Interior delivered in April and advised pursuing Congress.
  • Opposition voiced by Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Chief Michell Hicks; support reiterated by Lumbee Chairman John Lowery.

📊 Relevant Data

Genetic testing of Lumbee individuals showed on average 96% African or European lineage, with the remaining 4% divided between East Asian and Native American.

Bloody Lies: The Dangerous Frontier of Genetic Ancestry Testing in the Battle to Prove Indigenous Identity — Medium

In 2015–2019, the disability rate among the Lumbee Tribe was 16.52%, higher than the national average of 13.1%.

Social Determinants of Health Among American Indians and Alaska Natives and Tribal Communities: Comparison with Other Major Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States, 1990–2022 — PMC

📰 Sources (1)

Lumbee Tribe poised to gain federal recognition through defense bill
PBS News by Graham Lee Brewer, Associated Press December 10, 2025