Research Methods

A 2025 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that ingesting less than three sugar-cubes' worth of macroplastic can be lethal to an Atlantic puffin, about two baseballs' worth of macroplastic can be lethal to a sea turtle, and about a soccer ball's worth of macroplastic can be lethal to a seal or dolphin.

The primary 2025 Pew Research Center National Survey of Latinos was conducted Oct. 6–16, 2025 among 8,046 U.S. adults and included 4,923 Hispanic respondents, including 1,125 American Trends Panel members and 3,798 SSRS Opinion Panel members.

In 2025, Pew Research Center surveys of U.S. adults about Latino attitudes were conducted in English and Spanish, recruited respondents via national random sampling of residential addresses, conducted interviews either online or by telephone with a live interviewer, and weighted results to be representative by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and presidential vote.

A Pew Research Center survey conducted Sept. 22–28, 2025 included 3,445 U.S. adult respondents, including 629 Hispanic respondents, and all respondents in that survey were members of the American Trends Panel.

Large publicly available public-health data sets tend to contain a very large number of variables, enabling many different analytical comparisons and increasing the risk of identifying chance correlations (false-positive findings) through data dredging or p-hacking.