Federal-State Relations

The Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution establishes that federal law is the supreme law of the land and takes precedence over conflicting state law.

Title 5, Section 301 of the United States Code (5 U.S.C. § 301) authorizes agency heads to prescribe regulations for the government of their department and the conduct of its employees.

California statutes titled the No Secret Police Act and the No Vigilantes Act prohibit most law enforcement officers, including federal agents, from wearing face masks on the job and require non-uniformed officers to visibly display identification while performing duties, with stated exceptions for undercover agents, medical masks (for example, N95 respirators), and masks that are part of tactical gear.