The U.S. Geological Survey characterizes 'eruption pause' sulfur dioxide emission levels for KÄ«lauea as typically between 1,200 and 1,500 metric tonnes per day (approximately 1,300 to 1,650 U.S. tons per day).
November 23, 2025
high
descriptive
Emission-level band used by the U.S. Geological Survey to describe an 'eruption pause' at KÄ«lauea.
Carbon dioxide emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels can remain in the atmosphere for at least a century.
high
scientific
Atmospheric lifetime of CO2 affects cumulative warming and attribution of historical emissions.
Historically, the United States has emitted more carbon dioxide from the burning of coal, oil, and natural gas than any other country (largest cumulative historical fossil-fuel CO2 emissions).
high
historical
Cumulative national contributions to atmospheric CO2 are a basis for historical responsibility in climate discussions.