Reduction in Arctic sea ice increases open-water area, which allows storm-driven waves to reach coastlines and cause greater coastal damage.
November 22, 2025
high
process
Physical mechanism linking sea-ice decline to increased coastal impacts from storms.
Thawing permafrost accelerates coastal erosion because frozen ground that previously resisted wave action becomes loose soil that is more easily washed away.
November 22, 2025
high
process
Explanation of how permafrost thaw increases susceptibility of coastlines to erosion.
A 2024 report by the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium found that 144 Alaska Native communities face threats from erosion, flooding, thawing permafrost, or combinations of these hazards.
January 01, 2024
high
statistical
Assessment of community climate vulnerability published by the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium.