Judges appointed to Article III federal courts in the United States receive lifetime tenure absent resignation, retirement, impeachment, or death.
high
institutional
Describes the tenure structure for judges on Article III federal courts in the U.S.
United States federal judges may assume senior status, which can create a vacancy that allows a successor to be nominated and confirmed to the court.
high
procedural
Mechanism by which judges reduce caseloads while enabling appointment of successors.
The federal judicial code of conduct includes restrictions on the public commentary and outside activities of judges to preserve judicial impartiality and ethics.
high
procedural
Ethical guidelines governing judges' public statements and extrajudicial conduct.
United States federal judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.
high
legal
The appointment process for Article III federal judges involves presidential nomination and Senate confirmation.