students

Under U.S. law, public school authorities may restrict student speech only if they can show the speech would materially and substantially disrupt school activities or would infringe the legal rights of others.

State governments can declare a food emergency to authorize additional emergency food funding and to permit deployment of personnel to support food distribution.

Under Title IX processes, school districts may investigate alleged sexual harassment and, if students are found responsible, impose disciplinary measures such as suspension and notation of harassment on student records.

A 2025 national survey by the Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT) found that nearly 1 in 5 U.S. high school students (ninth through 12th grade) reported that they or someone they know has had a romantic relationship with an artificial intelligence system.

New Hampshire state law prohibits students from bringing firearms onto school property.

Some public school districts adopt policies that discourage students from using gender-related language that other students might view as insulting, dehumanizing, unwanted, or offensive, and that encourage use of classmates' self-identified pronouns to promote inclusion and curb bullying.

Some school policies governing students' use of personal devices extend restrictions beyond school grounds by prohibiting content that could be interpreted as harassing or disparaging toward others' gender identity or sexual orientation.

Restrictions on student speech concerning gendered pronouns implicate U.S. constitutional free speech principles under the First Amendment and related Fourteenth Amendment considerations, including disputes over compelled speech and whether permitting such speech would cause substantial disruption in schools.

Interruptions or withholding of federal research funding can disrupt university faculty and student research activities across campuses.

Speech by students at public schools or school-sponsored events can give rise to First Amendment claims against school-affiliated organizations and officials.

Some university inclusive-facilities policies specify that students, staff, faculty, and visitors may use the restroom or facility they find most safe and comfortable regardless of gender expression or sex assigned at birth.

Law enforcement agencies commonly open missing-person investigations after reports from school administrators that a student has been absent for a prolonged period.

Students commonly use AI tools to assist with writing assignments, including improving argument clarity and coherence.

Teachers report that some students have attempted to submit AI-generated work as their own and often cannot verbally explain that work when questioned.