federal judges

Federal judges may deny requests to unseal grand jury transcripts when they find 'significant and compelling' reasons to keep the materials sealed, such as when existing investigative files already contain substantial information that diminishes the need for release.

Federal courts can issue injunctions ordering executive-branch actions to cease, and judges can stay (put on hold) those injunctions for a limited period to permit an appeal.

Federal judges can exclude evidence from a prosecution if the judge finds that police conducted an illegal seizure.

Federal judges can issue temporary restraining orders (TROs) to halt deployments of National Guard forces within states.

Florida circuit judges are selected by popular election, whereas federal judges are nominated by the President and confirmed by the U.S. Senate.

Federal judges have authority in litigation to order depositions of officials and to direct preservation of evidence, including body-camera footage.

The Stored Communications Act authorizes federal judges to exercise discretion when issuing orders related to access to communications records, including nondisclosure (gag) orders or orders tolling notice to affected parties.

When a judge reviews a government's motion to dismiss criminal charges, the judge evaluates whether the government acted in good faith and provided sufficient factual and legal reasoning for the dismissal.

The U.S. Marshals Service is the federal agency responsible for protecting federal judges and investigating threats made against them.

If an interim U.S. attorney's 120-day appointment expires, federal judges of the relevant judicial district have statutory authority to appoint the U.S. attorney to fill the vacancy.