A 2025 AidData report found that China's state-owned banks channeled approximately $200 billion to U.S. businesses over a 25-year period, often routing funds through shell companies in jurisdictions such as the Cayman Islands, Bermuda, and Delaware to obscure the loans' origins.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Findings from an AidData research report on lending by Chinese state banks to foreign entities.
A 2025 AidData report found that China's state lenders provided more than $2 trillion in loans worldwide between 2000 and 2023, about double the previous highest estimates.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Aggregate global lending totals reported by AidData covering 2000â2023.
A 2025 AidData report found that much of China's lending to wealthy countries was concentrated on critical minerals and high-tech assets, including rare earths and semiconductors used in fighter jets, submarines, radar systems, precision-guided missiles, and telecommunications networks.
January 01, 2025
high
temporal
Sectoral focus of lending identified by AidData as having strategic and defense-related applications.